Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Murine Intrapulmonary Tracheal Transplantation: A Model for Investigating Obliterative Airway Disease After Lung Transplantation
06:15

Murine Intrapulmonary Tracheal Transplantation: A Model for Investigating Obliterative Airway Disease After Lung Transplantation

Published on: November 10, 2023

Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans in children

Natália Silva Champs1, Laura M L B F Lasmar, Paulo A M Camargos

  • 1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|May 7, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans involves respiratory epithelial cell damage, with severity linked to inflammation. Diagnosis relies on symptoms, exclusion, and imaging, while treatment and prognosis remain variable, necessitating long-term multidisciplinary care.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Pediatric Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is a severe sequela of respiratory infections.
  • Understanding its multifaceted nature is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the literature on PIBO.
  • To detail its history, causes, epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, pathology, clinical course, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A non-systematic review of MEDLINE and LILACS databases.
  • Selection of 66 pertinent studies for analysis.

Main Results:

  • PIBO results from respiratory epithelial cell injury, with severity correlating to lesion and inflammation extent.
  • Diagnosis involves clinical assessment, differential diagnosis exclusion, and complementary tests like high-resolution CT and pulmonary function tests (showing fixed airway obstruction).
  • Treatment efficacy, often involving corticosteroids, is not well-established, and prognosis varies, ranging from improvement to respiratory failure.

Conclusions:

  • PIBO is a high-morbidity condition requiring a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Long-term patient follow-up is essential for managing this complex disease.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Development of Obliterative Bronchiolitis in a Murine Model of Orthotopic Lung Transplantation10:01

Development of Obliterative Bronchiolitis in a Murine Model of Orthotopic Lung Transplantation

Published on: July 10, 2012

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...