Lipid profiles and oxidative stress parameters in male and female hemodialysis patients

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5D patients on hemodialysis exhibit complex metabolic alterations.
• Atherosclerosis is a significant comorbidity in CKD patients, contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate specific atherogenesis markers in CKD-5D patients undergoing hemodialysis.
• To compare these markers between male and female patients of similar age.
• To determine modifications in atherogenesis markers and their potential implications for atherosclerosis risk.

Main Methods:

• Measurement of lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol), glucose, total proteins, oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (ox-LDL), autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (ox-LDL-AB), homocysteine (Hcy), folate, and vitamin B12.
• Comparison between CKD-5D patients on hemodialysis for >6 months and age- and sex-matched controls.

Main Results:

• CKD-5D patients displayed significantly lower levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and ox-LDL compared to controls.
• Conversely, CKD-5D patients showed significantly higher levels of ox-LDL-AB and Hcy compared to controls.
• Elevated Hcy levels were observed in both male and female CKD-5D patients.

Conclusions:

• Reduced ox-LDL levels in CKD-5D patients do not necessarily indicate a lower risk of atherosclerosis.
• Increased capture of ox-LDL by upregulated macrophage scavenger receptors may heighten atherosclerosis risk.
• Elevated Hcy levels represent a potential risk factor for atherosclerosis in both male and female CKD-5D patients on hemodialysis.