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Evaluation of Respiratory System Mechanics in Mice using the Forced Oscillation Technique

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Published on: May 15, 2013

Respiratory vulnerability to vehicle buffeting.

Wei Lin Sung¹, Neeraj Kohli, Shamim Qu'adir

¹Academic Department of Neuro-otology, Division of Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital Campus, London, UK.

Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society

|May 7, 2011

Summary

Elderly individuals and patients with vestibular disorders may struggle to adapt their breathing during vehicle buffeting. This can lead to overbreathing or insufficient breathing, increasing susceptibility to mechanical shock.

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Published on: April 7, 2021

Area of Science:

Physiology
Neuroscience
Biomechanics

Background:

Buffeting during transport typically causes tachypnoea (rapid breathing) to stabilize the torso against mechanical shocks.
This overbreathing can lead to a temporary drop in carbon dioxide (CO2), which is usually quickly corrected by adjusting breathing depth.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the hypothesis that vulnerable individuals, such as the elderly and those with vestibular disorders, may not adapt adequately to motion-induced buffeting.
To assess respiratory and cardiovascular responses to simulated transport buffeting in specific subject groups.

Main Methods:

Respiratory and cardiovascular functions were monitored in elderly subjects, patients with vestibular loss, and patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).
Participants were exposed to 15 minutes of simulated ambulance transport buffeting in a flight simulator.
Results were compared against established normative data.

Main Results:

A significant portion of subjects (elderly, vestibular loss, BPPV) exhibited sustained overbreathing, leading to marked reductions in CO2 levels.
Conversely, some elderly and vestibular loss subjects failed to increase breathing frequency, potentially increasing their vulnerability to mechanical shock.
Anxiety appeared to exacerbate overbreathing in some participants.

Conclusions:

Failure to adapt breathing during buffeting may stem from altered CO2 set points, changes in receptor sensitivity, or modifications in central respiratory drive.
Reduced ability to modulate breathing due to postural stiffening from motion discomfort is also a factor.
Vulnerable individuals may experience more severe hypocapnia and mechanical shock when subjected to intense buffeting in challenging transport conditions.