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Related Experiment Videos

Vanadium uptake by yeast cells.

H P Bode1, C Friebel, G F Fuhrmann

  • 1Institut für Pharmackologie und Toxikologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, F.R.G.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|February 28, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells accumulate millimolar vanadyl intracellularly, dependent on glucose and inhibited by other cations. Vanadyl exposure damages yeast cell membranes, leading to potassium loss.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Vanadium compounds are utilized in various industrial applications.
  • Understanding the biological interactions of vanadium, such as with yeast, is crucial for environmental and health assessments.
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a model organism for studying cellular transport and metal accumulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the accumulation mechanisms of vanadyl ions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • To identify factors influencing vanadyl uptake and storage within yeast cells.
  • To assess the potential toxicity and membrane effects of vanadyl and vanadate on yeast.

Main Methods:

  • Incubation of yeast cells with vanadyl sulfate and vanadate.
  • Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to detect and characterize intracellular and surface-bound vanadium.
  • Measurement of potassium efflux to assess membrane integrity.
  • Investigating the effect of glucose, metal cations (lanthanum), phosphate, and pH on vanadium accumulation and toxicity.

Main Results:

  • Yeast cells accumulated millimolar concentrations of intracellular vanadyl, bound to low molecular weight substances.
  • Vanadyl accumulation was glucose-dependent and inhibited by di- and trivalent metal cations, notably lanthanum.
  • Exposure to vanadyl sulfate above 50 microM at pH > 4.0 caused potassium loss, indicating plasma membrane damage.
  • Vanadate addition led to surface-bound vanadyl, suggesting extracellular reduction, followed by slow intracellular vanadium accumulation inhibited by lanthanum or phosphate.

Conclusions:

  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae actively accumulates vanadyl ions intracellularly through a glucose-dependent process.
  • Vanadyl ions can induce plasma membrane damage in yeast, leading to potassium leakage.
  • Extracellular reduction of vanadate to vanadyl followed by vanadyl permeation is a significant mechanism for vanadium accumulation in yeast.

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