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Leeches run cold, then hot.

Ann M Petersen1, Wendy Chin, Kara L Feilich

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA.

Biology Letters
|May 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Leeches exhibit post-feeding thermophily, seeking warmer temperatures after a blood meal to reduce energy costs. This thermoregulatory behavior, previously unseen in invertebrates, helps minimize digestion time and fasting energy expenditure.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Behavior
  • Physiology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Food processing incurs significant energetic costs for ectotherms, impacting essential functions like locomotion and reproduction.
  • Post-prandial thermophily, or selecting warmer environments after feeding, is a known strategy in vertebrates to mitigate these costs.
  • This behavior had not been previously documented in invertebrate species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether leeches exhibit post-prandial thermophily.
  • To determine if thermoregulatory behavior in leeches aids in managing the energetic costs of processing large blood meals.
  • To explore the potential for unrecognized thermoregulatory strategies in invertebrates.

Main Methods:

  • Leeches were presented with a temperature gradient ranging from 10°C to 30°C.
  • Behavioral thermoregulation was observed in both fed and unfed leeches.
  • Preferred temperatures were recorded and compared to acclimation temperatures (T(a)).

Main Results:

  • Fed leeches selected a significantly warmer temperature (24.3 ± 0.9°C) compared to their acclimation temperature (21°C).
  • Unfed leeches preferred significantly cooler temperatures (12.8 ± 0.9°C) than ambient.
  • This indicates a distinct post-feeding thermophilic response in leeches.

Conclusions:

  • Leeches demonstrate post-prandial thermophily, a behavior likely evolved to minimize the duration of elevated energy costs associated with processing large blood meals.
  • This strategy also contributes to reducing energy expenditure during fasting periods.
  • The findings suggest that thermoregulatory behavior may be a more widespread, yet unrecognized, feature among invertebrate taxa.