Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bioreactor Controls-II01:18

Bioreactor Controls-II

In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...
Bioreactor Design and Operational System01:29

Bioreactor Design and Operational System

Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...
Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs01:15

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs

Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation. However, because inorganic electron donors...
Microbial Wastewater Treatment01:30

Microbial Wastewater Treatment

Microbial communities in aquatic ecosystems play a key role in the natural breakdown of contaminants introduced through domestic and industrial effluents. Acting as biological catalysts, these microbes change and mineralize a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants under different redox conditions.In oxygen-rich surface waters, aerobic heterotrophs lead organic matter breakdown, using oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor to efficiently oxidize substrates to carbon dioxide and water.
Bioremediation00:46

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
Production of Antibiotics01:27

Production of Antibiotics

Penicillin, one of the earliest and most widely used antibiotics, is produced industrially by the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum. Large stirred-tank bioreactors ranging from tens to hundreds of thousands of liters maintain tightly controlled temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen conditions to support fungal metabolism and maximize antibiotic yield. Penicillin is a secondary metabolite, synthesized primarily during the stationary growth phase, which requires a carefully managed...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multi-omics integration combined with multi-source weighted analysis identifies a key microRNA combination that reverses α-synuclein aggregation and pathological phenotypes in Parkinson's disease.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Metagenomic profiling of biliary microbiota reveals distinct microbial and functional features in cholelithiasis and cholecystic polyps.

Medicine·2026
Same author

Endocytosis-dependent and spleen-selective mRNA expression enabled by ionizable lipidoid linkers enhances therapeutic mRNA vaccination.

Acta biomaterialia·2026
Same author

HDAC4 regulates hASC osteogenesis and bone regeneration by mediating SMAD4 via histone acetylation.

Stem cell reports·2026
Same author

A novel drug screening strategy based on non-invasive electrochemical detection of multiple tumor markers secreted by patient-derived microgel organoids.

Biofabrication·2026
Same author

Bioprinted Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-laden Microfiber-derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Endometrial Repair and Fertility Recovery in Intrauterine Adhesions.

Stem cell reviews and reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability
09:27

Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability

Published on: April 22, 2016

[Effect of sequential biocatalyst addition on Anammox process].

Chongjian Tang1, Ping Zheng, Jianwei Chen

  • 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.

Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology
|May 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Sequential addition of Anammox biomass accelerates the start-up and enhances the stability of the Anammox process. This innovative method also improves nitrogen removal from challenging wastewaters.

More Related Videos

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities
08:13

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

Published on: December 25, 2015

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
09:50

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery

Published on: January 22, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability
09:27

Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability

Published on: April 22, 2016

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities
08:13

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

Published on: December 25, 2015

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
09:50

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery

Published on: January 22, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Context:

  • Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) is a high-rate nitrogen removal technology.
  • Slow Anammox bacteria growth and environmental sensitivity limit its application.
  • Challenges include long start-up, operational instability, and difficulty treating complex wastewaters.

Purpose:

  • To introduce a novel Anammox process using sequential biocatalyst addition.
  • To evaluate its effectiveness in start-up, stable operation, and treatment of challenging wastewaters.

Summary:

  • Supplementing reactors with high-activity Anammox biomass increases bacterial quantity and ratio.
  • The sequential biocatalyst addition accelerates start-up and enhances process stability.
  • This method effectively treats ammonium-rich wastewaters with high organic and toxicant content.

Impact:

  • Accelerates Anammox process start-up and improves operational stability.
  • Enables nitrogen removal from wastewaters previously unsuitable for Anammox.
  • Expands the potential applications of the Anammox process in wastewater treatment.