Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Color Vision

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...

Visual System

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...

Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

Anatomy of the Eyeball

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The AAHKS Clinical Research Award: Maximizing Bearing Size Markedly Reduces Dislocations in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty.

The Journal of arthroplasty·2026

Same author

Endoscopic resection of knosp grade 0-2 growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas with routine medial cavernous sinus wall excision.

Acta neurochirurgica·2026

Same author

Design, Preclinical Evaluation, and Clinical Translation of [68Ga]Ga/[177Lu]Lu-JH120061, A Novel Radiopharmaceutical Targeting CXCR4.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2026

Same author

Estimating temporal treatment-effect patterns of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in lower-grade gliomas using causal machine learning.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Differential epigenetic regulation of glucose-induced alteration of miR-9 in retinal and cardiac endothelial cells.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Foundation models and deep learning for cancer drug response prediction: a framework for data, metrics, and validation.

Briefings in bioinformatics·2026

Same journal

[Study on <i>In Vitro</i> Chromosome Aberration Test for Nanomaterials and Medical Devices Containing Nanomaterials].

Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation·2026

Same journal

[Research on the Coordinated Mechanism of Medical Device Research and Evaluation in China and the United States].

Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation·2026

Same journal

[Research and Countermeasure Analysis on the Classification of Brain-Computer Interface Rehabilitation Medical Devices].

Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation·2026

Same journal

[Development of Portable Sleep Monitoring System].

Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation·2026

Same journal

[Design and Application of 3D-Printed Individualized Pelvic Prostheses].

Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation·2026

Same journal

[Study on Standardization Methods of Multi-Source Heterogeneous Data from ICU Medical Devices Based on openEHR].

Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

[Embedded system design of color-blind image processing].

Eric Wang¹, Yu Ma, Yuanyuan Wang

¹State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433. wangenzk@gmail.com

Zhongguo Yi Liao Qi Xie Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation

|May 11, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new ARM-based embedded system is designed for color-blind image processing. This system offers a versatile hardware platform for developing and testing color blindness correction algorithms.

More Related Videos

Transient Optical Clearing Using Absorbing Molecules for Ex Vivo and In Vivo Imaging

Transient Optical Clearing Using Absorbing Molecules for Ex Vivo and In Vivo Imaging

Published on: July 11, 2025

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

Transient Optical Clearing Using Absorbing Molecules for Ex Vivo and In Vivo Imaging

Transient Optical Clearing Using Absorbing Molecules for Ex Vivo and In Vivo Imaging

Published on: July 11, 2025

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Area of Science:

Computer Engineering
Image Processing
Embedded Systems

Context:

Color blindness affects a significant portion of the population, necessitating specialized image processing solutions.
Existing methods for color blindness testing and correction often lack dedicated hardware platforms.
Development of efficient algorithms for color vision deficiency is an ongoing research area.

Purpose:

To propose an ARM-based embedded system design for color-blind image processing.
To develop a general hardware platform for implementing and evaluating color blindness algorithms.
To create a user-friendly interface for accessibility research.

Summary:

An embedded system utilizing an ARM core processor was designed for color-blind image processing.
Both hardware and software components were developed, featuring a simple and convenient user interface.
The system provides a unified platform for the application and testing of various color blindness correction algorithms.

Impact:

Facilitates the development and testing of color blindness correction techniques.
Offers a convenient solution for researchers and developers in the field of color vision deficiency.
Potentially improves accessibility for individuals with color vision impairments through advanced image processing.