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Related Concept Videos

Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...
Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

An Assay for Quantifying Protein-RNA Binding in Bacteria
07:02

An Assay for Quantifying Protein-RNA Binding in Bacteria

Published on: June 12, 2019

Local structural alignment of RNA with affine gap model.

Thomas King-Fung Wong1, Brenda Wing-Yan Cheung, Tak-Wah Lam

  • 1Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. kfwong@cs.hku.hk.

BMC Proceedings
|May 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new algorithm for local structural alignment of RNA sequences, incorporating an affine gap penalty model. This method improves the identification of non-coding RNA families compared to existing approaches.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

An Assay for Quantifying Protein-RNA Binding in Bacteria
07:02

An Assay for Quantifying Protein-RNA Binding in Bacteria

Published on: June 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Predicting novel non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) relies on aligning candidates to known family members.
  • Current alignment tools often lack the ability to handle local alignments with gaps or focus solely on sequence similarity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an algorithm for optimal local structural alignment of RNA sequences.
  • To incorporate an affine gap penalty model for improved accuracy in RNA family prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an algorithm to find the optimal local structural alignment between two RNA sequences.
  • Implemented an affine gap penalty model within the alignment process.

Main Results:

  • The algorithm successfully computes the optimal local structural alignment with an affine gap penalty.
  • Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Conclusions:

  • Local structural alignment with an affine gap penalty model is more effective for identifying ncRNA families than global alignment or local alignment without gap penalties.
  • The developed algorithm enhances the discovery of real hits in ncRNA family prediction.