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Related Concept Videos

Effects of feedback01:24

Effects of feedback

Feedback in control systems plays a critical role in shaping various operational parameters, extending beyond simple error reduction to influence stability, bandwidth, gain, impedance, and sensitivity. Understanding these effects requires examining a basic feedback system characterized by defined input, output, error, and feedback signals.
Feedback significantly modifies the gain of a control system. The gain of a system without feedback is altered by a factor of one plus GH, where G represents...

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Adaptive feedback potential in dynamic stability during disturbed walking in the elderly.

Stefanie Bierbaum1, Andreas Peper, Kiros Karamanidis

  • 1Department of Training and Movement Sciences, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany. stefanie.bierbaum@cms.hu-berlin.de

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Older adults can adapt their gait after unexpected balance disturbances, but young adults show greater improvement with repeated practice. This suggests age-related differences in reactive adaptation during walking.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Gait stability relies on feedback mechanisms to recover balance after perturbations.
  • The capacity for adaptive feedback responses to repetitive, unexpected gait perturbations and age-related differences remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate adaptive feedback responses to repetitive, unexpected gait perturbations.
  • To examine age-related differences in reactive gait adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Fourteen older (59-73 yrs) and fourteen young (22-31 yrs) males experienced unexpected soft surface perturbations during walking.
  • Gait stability was quantified using the margin of stability (MoS).
  • Wash-out trials were used to assess adaptation and recovery.

Main Results:

  • Unexpected soft surface trials significantly reduced MoS, indicating less stable postures.
  • Both age groups demonstrated adaptive improvements in MoS within disturbed trials.
  • The magnitude of reactive adaptation after the fifth perturbation was greater in young participants (77%) compared to older participants (49%).

Conclusions:

  • Older individuals retain the ability to adapt to feedback-controlled gait perturbations.
  • Locomotor behavior in older adults is more conservative, potentially disadvantaging reactive adaptation compared to younger adults.
  • Age influences the extent of reactive adaptation to repetitive gait disturbances.