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Related Concept Videos

Impulse01:13

Impulse

According to Newton’s second law of motion, the rate of change of the momentum of an object is the net external force acting on it. The total change in momentum between two timepoints thus depends on both the external force acting on it and the time over which it acts. Describing this mathematically, the total change of an object’s motion is proportional to the force vector and the time over which it is applied. This product is called impulse.
Additionally, it can be shown that the total...
Impact01:30

Impact

Impact occurs when two bodies collide, leading to the application of impulsive forces between them. Analyzing impact mechanics involves considering two colliding particles moving along a line known as the line of impact, which passes through their centers and is perpendicular to the contact plane.
When particles with different initial velocities collide, they induce deformation by applying equal and opposite impulses. At the point of maximum deformation, the particles move together with...
Types of Impact01:30

Types of Impact

Impacts can be classified in various forms, primarily under two subgroups: central impact and oblique impact. A central impact occurs when two objects collide head-on, possessing opposite velocities aligned along the line of impact. Conversely, an oblique impact occurs when two objects collide at an angle, resulting in a modification of both direction and velocity.
The coefficient of restitution is a metric for understanding the dynamics of impacts. It quantifies the ratio of relative velocity...
Types of Collisions - II01:19

Types of Collisions - II

When two or more objects collide with each other, they can stick together to form one single composite object (after collision). The total mass of the object after the collision is the sum of the masses of the original objects, and it moves with a velocity dictated by the conservation of momentum. Although the system's total momentum remains constant, the kinetic energy decreases, and thus such a collision is an inelastic collision. Most of the collisions between objects in daily life are...
Types Of Collisions - I01:04

Types Of Collisions - I

When two objects come in direct contact with each other, it is called a collision. During a collision, two or more objects exert forces on each other in a relatively short amount of time. A collision can be categorized as either an elastic or inelastic collision. If two or more objects approach each other, collide and then bounce off, moving away from each other with the same relative speed at which they approached each other, the total kinetic energy of the system is said to be conserved. This...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...

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Have You Been HIT?

Jane Cross1, Mary Weisters, Robina Aslam

  • 1Department of Vascular Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK. jane.cross@yahoo.co.uk

Angiology
|May 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare but serious complication of heparin use. Prompt recognition and management, including stopping heparin and initiating alternative anticoagulation, are crucial for preventing thrombosis.

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Published on: September 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Hematology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare immune-mediated complication of heparin therapy.
  • HIT poses significant risks of morbidity and mortality, primarily due to thrombosis.
  • Clinical suspicion should arise with a platelet count drop of ≥50% within 5-10 days of heparin administration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide vascular surgeons with a management guide for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
  • To outline diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies for HIT.
  • To emphasize the prevention of thrombotic complications associated with HIT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) diagnosis and management.
  • Discussion of diagnostic assays, including ELISA and functional platelet activation assays.
  • Guidance on immediate cessation of heparin and initiation of alternative anticoagulation.

Main Results:

  • The primary complication of HIT is thrombosis; bleeding is surprisingly rare.
  • Confirmation of HIT relies on detecting HIT antibodies via ELISA or functional assays.
  • Delayed initiation of warfarin until platelet recovery and a 5-day overlap with alternative anticoagulants are recommended.

Conclusions:

  • Immediate cessation of heparin is paramount upon clinical suspicion of HIT.
  • Alternative anticoagulation is necessary for 2-3 months to prevent recurrent thrombosis.
  • Careful management of anticoagulation, including warfarin initiation, is essential for optimal patient outcomes.