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Ultrasound profile of hips of South Indian infants
Chirag Bhalvani1, Vrisha Madhuri
1Unit of Pediatric Orthopedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Insights
Ultrasonological hip screening in 1000 infants revealed a 7.5% incidence of abnormal hips. This study highlights the prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip in South Indian infants undergoing DPT vaccination.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Orthopedics
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is a common condition in infants.
- Early detection through screening is crucial for effective treatment.
- Ultrasonography is a key diagnostic tool for assessing hip joint development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of sonographically abnormal hips in infants undergoing routine DPT vaccination.
- To evaluate the prevalence of hip dislocation in this specific population.
Main Methods:
- Ultrasonological screening of infant hips using Graf's technique was performed on 1000 consecutive infants.
- Infants were attending their first Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus (DPT) vaccination.
- Screening was conducted at the immunization clinic of a tertiary hospital in South India.
Main Results:
- 925 children (92.5%) had Graf type I (mature) hips bilaterally.
- The incidence of Graf type II hips was 74 per 1000 infants.
- The overall incidence of sonographically abnormal hips (Graf types II, III, and IV) was 7.5%.
- The hip dislocation rate (Graf type IV) was 0.1% (1 in 1000 infants).
Conclusions:
- Infant hip ultrasonography screening during DPT vaccination is feasible.
- A 7.5% incidence of abnormal hip development was observed in this South Indian cohort.
- The low rate of confirmed hip dislocation suggests potential for early detection and intervention.
Abstract:
One thousand consecutive infants, 437 girls and 563 boys, attending their first DPT vaccination at a mean age of 48 days underwent ultrasonological screening of the hips by Graf's technique at the immunization clinic of a tertiary hospital in South India. Graf I (mature) hips were seen bilaterally in 925 children. The incidence of Graf type II hips was 74/1000 infants. The incidence of sonographically abnormal hips (II, III and IV) in this population was 7.5%. The hip dislocation rate was 1 in 1000 (0.1%).
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