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Related Concept Videos

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size reduction of the tissue.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
14:57

Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53

Published on: August 4, 2019

P53 and its implication in apoptosis (review).

C Gotz, M Montenarh

    International Journal of Oncology
    |May 11, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The tumor suppressor protein p53 regulates the cell cycle and DNA repair, acting as a

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    Purification of Ubiquitinated p53 Proteins from Mammalian Cells
    10:55

    Purification of Ubiquitinated p53 Proteins from Mammalian Cells

    Published on: March 21, 2022

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Cell Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • The tumor suppressor protein p53 is a critical regulator of cellular processes.
    • p53 interacts with various target proteins, influencing cell cycle progression.
    • p53 plays a dual role in cell cycle regulation, acting as both a positive and negative regulator.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of the p53 protein in cell cycle control.
    • To explore the involvement of p53 in DNA damage response, including growth arrest and repair.
    • To discuss the function of p53 in initiating programmed cell death (apoptosis) and its clinical implications.

    Main Methods:

    • Interaction analysis of p53 with its known targets (WAF1/CIP1, mdm2, GADD45).
    • Investigation of p53's role in cell cycle arrest at the G(1) phase post-DNA damage.
    • Examination of p53's influence on the apoptotic cascade.

    Main Results:

    • p53 acts as a crucial 'guardian of the genome' by mediating cell cycle arrest and DNA repair after damage.
    • p53 significantly influences the initiation and execution of apoptosis, a programmed cell death pathway.
    • The protein's involvement in apoptosis suggests potential clinical relevance.

    Conclusions:

    • The tumor suppressor p53 is a key mediator of cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and apoptosis.
    • p53's 'guardian of the genome' function is vital for preventing genomic instability.
    • The role of p53 in apoptosis highlights its importance in cancer therapy and disease progression.