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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Long-Term Catheterization of the Intestinal Lymph Trunk and Collection of Lymph in Neonatal Pigs
Published on: March 5, 2016
Anatomical variations in bovine thoracic ducts
Wakako Kiriki1, Yuriko Kozuka, Tetsuo Nasu
1Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889–2192, Japan.
Bovine thoracic duct anatomy shows significant variations in lymph-venous connections and pathway formations. These anatomical differences are crucial for understanding bovine lymphatic system function and potential clinical implications.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Anatomy
- Lymphatic System Research
- Comparative Anatomy
Background:
- The thoracic duct is the main lymphatic vessel in mammals.
- Understanding its anatomy is vital for lymphatic system research.
- Bovine thoracic duct anatomy has not been extensively documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anatomical variations of bovine thoracic duct pathways.
- To examine the lymph-venous junctions in cattle.
- To classify bovine thoracic duct pathways using Adachi's classification.
Main Methods:
- Gross anatomical observations were performed on bovine specimens.
- Thoracic duct pathways and lymph-venous junctions were meticulously examined.
- Pathways were classified according to Adachi's established system.
Main Results:
- 37% of thoracic ducts showed multiple connection points to venous angles.
- Thoracic duct pathways were predominantly Adachi type VI (76%), followed by type IX (15%) and type III (9%).
- 48% of cattle exhibited multiple ring formations within their thoracic duct pathways.
Conclusions:
- Bovine thoracic duct anatomy displays considerable variability.
- Lymph-venous junction patterns and pathway formations differ significantly among cattle.
- These anatomical variations are important considerations for bovine health and research.
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