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Related Concept Videos

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Optimizing Mouse Urodynamic Techniques for Improved Accuracy
06:46

Optimizing Mouse Urodynamic Techniques for Improved Accuracy

Published on: June 7, 2024

Perineal surface electromyography does not typically demonstrate expected relaxation during normal voiding.

Anna C Kirby1, Charles W Nager, Heather J Litman

  • 1Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.

Neurourology and Urodynamics
|May 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Perineal surface electromyography (EMG) during urodynamics did not show expected pelvic floor relaxation during voiding. Preoperative EMG activity did not predict postoperative voiding dysfunction in women undergoing incontinence surgery.

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Electromyometrial Imaging of Uterine Contractions in Pregnant Women
08:07

Electromyometrial Imaging of Uterine Contractions in Pregnant Women

Published on: May 26, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Urogynecology
  • Pelvic floor diagnostics
  • Electromyography applications

Background:

  • Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) affects many women, often requiring surgical intervention.
  • Urodynamics (UDS) is crucial for diagnosing lower urinary tract conditions.
  • Perineal surface electromyography (EMG) is used to assess pelvic floor muscle activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize perineal surface EMG activity during UDS in women undergoing SUI surgery.
  • To compare EMG activity between the filling and voiding phases of UDS.
  • To determine if preoperative EMG activity predicts postoperative voiding symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • 655 women undergoing SUI surgery had preoperative UDS with perineal surface EMG.
  • EMG data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively during filling and voiding phases.
  • Postoperative voiding dysfunction was defined by need for revision or prolonged catheterization.
  • Fisher's exact test assessed relationships between EMG activity and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Interpretable EMG studies were available for 321 women; 131 had complete data.
  • EMG signals were generally higher during the voiding phase compared to the filling phase.
  • Higher preoperative EMG activity during voiding did not significantly correlate with increased risk of postoperative voiding dysfunction.
  • Findings remained consistent in a subgroup without straining or interrupted flow.

Conclusions:

  • Perineal surface EMG during UDS did not reliably demonstrate expected pelvic floor and urethral sphincter relaxation during voiding.
  • Preoperative perineal surface EMG activity is not a reliable predictor of postoperative voiding dysfunction in women treated for SUI.