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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
Published on: August 16, 2020
Glial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of α-synucleinopathies: emerging concepts
Lisa Fellner1, Kurt A Jellinger, Gregor K Wenning
1Division of Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
Glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, play a critical role in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Understanding glial dysfunction is key to developing new therapies for these α-synucleinopathies.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Pathology
Background:
- Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA) are adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders characterized by alpha-synuclein aggregates (α-synucleinopathies).
- The role of glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes) in these conditions was previously underestimated.
- Glial cells exhibit alpha-synuclein aggregates in PD and DLB, and oligodendrocytes show cytoplasmic inclusions in MSA, indicating significant glial involvement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the functions of glial cells in the healthy brain and during aging.
- To critically analyze the role of glia in α-synucleinopathies, including mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
- To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting glial pathology and challenges in clinical trials for α-synucleinopathies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of postmortem studies and transgenic models of α-synucleinopathies.
- Analysis of experimental evidence on glial responses in neurodegenerative diseases.
- Synthesis of information on glial cell functions, aging-related changes, and disease mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Astrogliosis and microgliosis are key mediators in PD and DLB pathogenesis.
- Oligodendroglial dysfunction in MSA contributes to neuronal degeneration.
- A chronically diseased glial microenvironment promotes neuronal damage and loss in α-synucleinopathies.
Conclusions:
- Glial cells are central players in the initiation and progression of α-synucleinopathies.
- Targeting glial pathology offers potential therapeutic avenues for PD, DLB, and MSA.
- Overcoming challenges in clinical trials is crucial for developing effective disease-modifying therapies.
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