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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics

The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...

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Related Experiment Videos

[Evidence-based anesthesiology: knowledge transfer from research into clinical practice].

H R Grobe1, F Kunath, M R Tramèr

  • 1Deutsches Cochrane Zentrum, Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Medizinische Informatik, Abt. Med. Biometrie und Statistik, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Deutschland. grobe@cochrane.de

Der Anaesthesist
|May 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evidence-based healthcare is crucial but not fully implemented due to knowledge transfer challenges. This article explores issues and solutions for translating research into clinical practice, using anesthesiology as an example.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Clinical Practice
  • Knowledge Translation

Context:

  • Growing demand for evidence-based healthcare worldwide.
  • Gap between scientific findings and daily medical practice.
  • Challenges in knowledge generation and transfer.

Purpose:

  • To illuminate the knowledge transfer process from clinical trials to evidence-based guidelines.
  • To identify potential problems in this translation process.
  • To propose feasible solutions for improving evidence-based practice.

Summary:

  • Discusses the difficulties in implementing evidence-based healthcare.
  • Highlights issues in knowledge generation, research-to-practice transfer, and individual professional challenges.
  • Focuses on the process of translating clinical trial data into actionable guidelines.

Impact:

  • Aims to increase awareness of knowledge transfer barriers in healthcare.
  • Provides practical advice on utilizing evidence-based information sources.
  • Offers strategies to bridge the gap between research and clinical application, particularly in anesthesiology.