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Separating Beads and Cells in Multi-channel Microfluidic Devices Using Dielectrophoresis and Laminar Flow

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A dielectrophoretic continuous flow sorter using integrated microelectrodes coupled to a channel constriction.

Sven Salomon¹, Thierry Leichlé, Liviu Nicu

¹CNRS, LAAS, Toulouse, France. ssalomon@laas.fr

Electrophoresis

|May 13, 2011

Summary

This study introduces a new dielectrophoretic continuous flow sorter for efficient particle and cell separation using microelectrodes and channel constriction. The device achieves high sorting accuracy at low voltages, demonstrating potential for biological applications.

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Area of Science:

Microfluidics
Biophysics
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a powerful technique for manipulating microparticles and cells based on their dielectric properties.
Continuous flow systems offer advantages for high-throughput biological sample processing.
Existing DEP sorters often require complex fabrication or high operating voltages.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel dielectrophoretic continuous flow sorter.
To achieve efficient particle and cell sorting at low voltages using a simple design.
To demonstrate the device's applicability for separating biological entities with different dielectric properties.

Main Methods:

A continuous flow sorter was designed integrating planar microelectrodes with a channel constriction.
Numerical simulations were performed to analyze AC electrokinetic effects and fluid dynamics.
Experiments were conducted using polystyrene beads (10 and 5 μm) and yeast cells (living and dead).

Main Results:

Polystyrene beads were continuously sorted with high accuracy (<2% error) at low voltages and flow speeds of 100 μm/s.
The sorting buffer could be changed during continuous operation.
Living yeast cells were enriched by a factor of 4 compared to dead cells, demonstrating effective cell sorting based on dielectric differences.

Conclusions:

The proposed dielectrophoretic sorter offers a simple, efficient, and low-voltage method for continuous particle and cell separation.
The device shows significant promise for applications in cell sorting and analysis, particularly for distinguishing cells with varying dielectric properties.
The integration of microelectrodes and channel constriction is a key factor in achieving high sorting performance.