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Pedigree Analysis

Pedigree Analysis

Pedigree Analysis

Pedigree Analysis

Punnett Squares

Punnett Squares

Punnett Squares

Punnett Squares

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...

Incomplete Dominance

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Accurate and Phenol Free DNA Sexing of Day 30 Porcine Embryos by PCR

Accurate and Phenol Free DNA Sexing of Day 30 Porcine Embryos by PCR

Published on: February 14, 2016

A practical guide to methods of parentage analysis.

Adam G Jones¹, Clayton M Small, Kimberly A Paczolt

¹Department of Biology, 3258 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

Molecular Ecology Resources

|May 14, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular parentage analysis, using microsatellite markers, is a powerful tool for understanding populations. This guide helps scientists choose the right statistical methods and software for successful parentage studies.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

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Published on: October 20, 2019

Area of Science:

Molecular Ecology
Population Genetics

Background:

Microsatellite markers revolutionized parentage analysis.
Statistical techniques for analyzing parentage data have significantly advanced.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an updated guide for parentage analysis in natural and artificial populations.
To focus on computer software packages for parentage data analysis.

Main Methods:

Literature survey of established and less common statistical methods.
Evaluation of computer software packages for parentage analysis.

Main Results:

A few established methods perform exceptionally well across most parentage studies.
Specialized software packages can benefit specific experimental designs or systems.

Conclusions:

Parentage analysis is feasible and rewarding in most biological systems.
This guide offers a roadmap to navigate statistical techniques for parentage studies.