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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Beating crystallization in glass-forming metals by millisecond heating and processing.

William L Johnson¹, Georg Kaltenboeck, Marios D Demetriou

¹Keck Laboratory of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. wlj@caltech.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 14, 2011

Summary

Researchers developed a rapid heating method to process metallic glasses, overcoming crystallization limitations. This technique enables the creation of complex shapes from previously unprocessable alloys.

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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are of significant interest but limited by rapid crystallization.
Crystallization hinders studies of the undercooled liquid state and plastic processing of BMGs.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a method for processing metallic glasses by overcoming crystallization limitations.
To enable the study and thermoplastic forming of undercooled metallic liquids.

Main Methods:

Rapid, uniform heating of metallic glass samples at rates of 10^6 K/s.
Measurement of liquid properties on millisecond timescales under near-adiabatic conditions.
Thermoplastic forming of the undercooled liquid into complex shapes.

Main Results:

Achieved processing of metallic glasses in the millisecond regime, "beating" crystallization.
Successfully formed complex net shapes from marginal glass-forming alloys.
Enabled access to previously inaccessible undercooled liquid states and properties.

Conclusions:

Rapid heating and processing in the millisecond regime is a viable strategy for overcoming crystallization in metallic glasses.
This method expands the processability of BMGs, including those with limited stability.
Opens new avenues for experimental studies and applications of undercooled metallic liquids.