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Related Concept Videos

Adsorption of Gases on Solids01:28

Adsorption of Gases on Solids

Adsorption is a process where molecules, known as the adsorbates, accumulate on a surface, which is referred to as the adsorbent or substrate. Occurring at the solid-gas interface, this phenomenon is crucial in various scientific and industrial contexts. The reverse of adsorption is desorption.Two types of adsorptions exist: physical (physisorption) and chemical (chemisorption). Physisorption involves gas molecules held to the solid's surface by relatively weak intermolecular van der Waals...
Adsorption Isotherms I01:29

Adsorption Isotherms I

Adsorption isotherms are mathematical models that describe how molecules in a gas or liquid phase interact with surfaces. Two of the most common isotherm models are the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, which relate to Type I monolayer chemisorption. The Langmuir model is based on four key assumptions:• Adsorption cannot exceed monolayer coverage.• All surface sites are equivalent.• Molecules adsorb only at vacant sites.• There are no interactions between adsorbed molecules.Consider the...
Adsorption Isotherms II01:25

Adsorption Isotherms II

Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) introduced a theory in 1938 that modified Langmuir's assumptions to explain multilayer physical adsorption. This theory is applicable to Type II isotherms and provides a more realistic picture of adsorption processes. The BET theory assumes a uniform solid surface with localized adsorption sites, where adsorption at one site doesn't affect adsorption at neighboring sites. This theory also allows for the possibility of additional molecules being adsorbed on top...
Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to become...
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

SOx on ceria from adsorbed SO2.

Zhansheng Lu1, Carsten Müller, Zongxian Yang

  • 1College of Physics and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) interacts with ceria surfaces, forming various sulfite and sulfate species. This interaction can heal oxygen vacancies and involve electron transfer, influencing cerium

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Ceria (cerium oxide) is a crucial material in catalysis due to its redox properties.
  • Understanding the interaction of pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) with ceria surfaces is vital for environmental applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the interaction mechanisms of SO(2) with different ceria surfaces using first-principles calculations.
  • To identify the various SO(x) species formed and their oxidation states.
  • To investigate the role of the Ce(3+)/Ce(4+) redox couple in these interactions.

Main Methods:

  • First-principles calculations were employed to simulate the adsorption and reaction of SO(2) on ceria surfaces.
  • Analysis of electronic structure and bonding was performed to understand the interaction pathways.

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  • Different ceria surface facets ((111) and (110)) and reduction states were considered.

    • Main Results:

    • SO(2) adsorbs molecularly on the (111) surface and forms sulfite (SO(3)(2-)) and sulfate (SO(4)(2-)) species on both (111) and (110) surfaces.
    • Sulfite and sulfate species form S-O bonds but not S-Ce bonds.
    • SO(2) interaction can lead to the healing of oxygen vacancies and involves electron transfer from ceria to SO(2).
    • Sulfate formation involves the reduction of Ce(4+) to Ce(3+) cations.

    Conclusions:

    • The study clarifies the diverse interaction pathways of SO(2) with ceria surfaces, leading to various SO(x) species.
    • SO(2) adsorption influences the redox state of ceria and can passivate oxygen vacancies.
    • A mechanism for monodentate sulfate formation on the (111) surface is proposed.