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Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

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Published on: November 15, 2013

Universal relations for identical bosons from three-body physics.

Eric Braaten1, Daekyoung Kang, Lucas Platter

  • 1Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA. braaten@mps.ohio-state.edu

Physical Review Letters
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Identical bosons with large scattering lengths exhibit universal relations governed by two- and three-body physics. These systems show characteristic tails in momentum distribution and radio-frequency transition rates, influenced by two- and three-body contacts and the Efimov parameter.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Ultracold atomic gases
  • Few-body physics

Background:

  • Identical bosons with large scattering lengths exhibit universal behaviors.
  • These behaviors are analogous to those observed in two-spin-state fermions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate universal relations in identical boson systems.
  • To characterize the role of two- and three-body physics in these systems.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of momentum distribution tails.
  • Analysis of radio-frequency transition rate tails.

Main Results:

  • Identical bosons show universal relations determined by two-body physics, including a 1/k(4) tail in momentum distribution and a 1/ω(3/2) tail in radio-frequency transition rates, both proportional to the two-body contact.
  • Additional universal relations determined by three-body physics involve the three-body contact.
  • Coefficients of the three-body contact in the 1/k(5) momentum distribution tail and 1/ω(2) radio-frequency transition rate tail are log-periodic functions dependent on the Efimov parameter.

Conclusions:

  • Universal relations in identical boson systems are dictated by fundamental two- and three-body interactions.
  • The Efimov parameter plays a crucial role in the log-periodic behavior observed in these systems.