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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
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Monitoring the Effect of Osmotic Stress on Secretory Vesicles and Exocytosis
08:08

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Published on: February 19, 2018

Unconventional secretion: a stress on GRASP.

Fabrizio Giuliani1, Adam Grieve, Catherine Rabouille

  • 1Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Unconventional protein secretion bypasses the Golgi apparatus, especially under cellular stress. The Golgi Re-Assembly and Stacking Protein (GRASP) is crucial for these alternative protein transport pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Protein Trafficking

Background:

  • Proteins typically use the classical secretory pathway via the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
  • Alternative, unconventional secretion routes exist for specific protein types.
  • Cellular stress can influence protein secretion pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate unconventional protein secretion mechanisms.
  • To explore the role of cellular stress in triggering alternative secretion routes.
  • To elucidate the function of Golgi Re-Assembly and Stacking Protein (GRASP) in unconventional secretion.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of protein transport pathways.
  • Investigating cellular stress responses.
  • Studying the role of GRASP in protein secretion.

Main Results:

  • Identified two unconventional protein secretion routes: one for cytoplasmic proteins lacking signal peptides and another for transmembrane proteins bypassing the Golgi.
  • Observed that cellular stress can trigger unconventional secretion events.
  • Demonstrated that GRASP is essential for both types of unconventional secretion.

Conclusions:

  • Unconventional secretion provides alternative routes for protein delivery to the cell surface or extracellular space.
  • GRASP plays a vital role in facilitating unconventional protein secretion, potentially in a Golgi-independent manner.
  • Cellular stress is a significant factor modulating protein secretion pathways.