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Related Concept Videos

Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice
09:07

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice

Published on: May 27, 2015

Genetic variation determines mast cell functions in experimental asthma.

Marc Becker1, Sebastian Reuter, Pamela Friedrich

  • 1Institute for Immunology, Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz D-55131, Germany.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Mast cells are not essential for allergic airway inflammation in a new mouse model. Genetic background significantly influences mast cell contribution to asthma-like symptoms.

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Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma
08:05

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Published on: May 14, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice
09:07

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice

Published on: May 27, 2015

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma
08:05

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Published on: May 14, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Mast cells play a complex role in allergic diseases, with previous studies yielding contradictory results on their contribution to airway inflammation.
  • Existing mast cell-deficient mouse models often exhibit Th1-dominated immune responses, complicating the study of Th2-mediated allergic asthma.
  • Adjuvant-free sensitization protocols have highlighted a more significant role for mast cells in allergic responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate and characterize congenic mast cell-deficient mice on a Th2-prone BALB/c background.
  • To investigate the role of mast cells in allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a Th2-skewed immune environment.
  • To assess the utility of the novel C.B6-Kit(W-sh) mouse strain for studying mast cell function in asthma models.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of congenic mast cell-deficient mice (C.B6-Kit(W-sh)) by linking a traceable genetic polymorphism to the Kit(W-sh) allele.
  • Induction of allergic airway disease as a Th2-type immune response in the novel mouse strain.
  • Evaluation of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and mucus production.

Main Results:

  • C.B6-Kit(W-sh) mice confirmed to be mast cell-deficient, lacking IgE- and mast cell-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis.
  • Unexpectedly, these mast cell-deficient mice developed severe airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and mucus production.
  • The results indicate that mast cells are not essential for these asthma-like parameters in this specific genetic background.

Conclusions:

  • The genetic background profoundly impacts the role of mast cells in allergic airway disease models.
  • The novel C.B6-Kit(W-sh) mouse strain provides a valuable tool for dissecting mast cell-independent mechanisms in asthma.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the compensatory mechanisms driving inflammation in the absence of mast cells.