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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Generation of Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumors and Ex vivo Characterization of Tumor-Infiltrating T Cell Cytotoxicity
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Published on: December 7, 2019

Force generation upon T cell receptor engagement.

Julien Husson1, Karine Chemin, Armelle Bohineust

  • 1Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris France.

Plos One
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals T cells generate timed pushing and pulling forces upon engaging antigen-presenting cells, driven by actin polymerization and mechanosensing, offering new insights into T cell activation. These mechanical forces are crucial for adaptive immune responses.

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Traction Force Microscopy to Study B Lymphocyte Activation
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Traction Force Microscopy to Study B Lymphocyte Activation
09:28

Traction Force Microscopy to Study B Lymphocyte Activation

Published on: July 23, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • T cells are crucial for adaptive immunity, recognizing antigens via the T cell receptor (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC).
  • The precise mechanisms of T cell activation, particularly the role of mechanical forces, remain incompletely understood.
  • Limited experimental evidence exists regarding the forces generated during T cell-APC interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanical forces generated by T cells during engagement with model antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
  • To explore the characteristics and timing of force generation upon T cell receptor (TCR) and/or lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) engagement.
  • To elucidate the role of mechanical forces in early T cell activation processes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a biomembrane force probe (BFP) setup and a model APC.
  • Measured forces generated by T cells upon contact with APCs coated with antibodies targeting TCR-CD3 and LFA-1.
  • Monitored intracellular calcium ion ([Ca(2+)](i)) concentration to assess T cell activation.

Main Results:

  • T cells exhibited a timed sequence of pushing and pulling forces against the APC after initial contact.
  • LFA-1 engagement modulated the pushing phase speed when combined with TCR-CD3 engagement.
  • The pushing phase was driven by actin polymerization, and force generation correlated with target stiffness, suggesting mechanosensing.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first quantified description of force generation during T cell-APC engagement.
  • Mechanical forces, including pushing and pulling, play a significant role in the early stages of T cell activation.
  • Mechanosensing mechanisms are likely involved in T cell activation, regulated by physical forces.