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Related Concept Videos

Fixed Action Patterns01:06

Fixed Action Patterns

A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
Force Classification01:22

Force Classification

Forces play a crucial role in the study of physics and engineering. They are essential in describing the motion, behavior, and equilibrium of objects in the physical world. Forces can be classified based on their origin, type, and direction of action.
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MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins01:39

Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins

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Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

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Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Pattern Generation for Micropattern Traction Microscopy
09:26

Pattern Generation for Micropattern Traction Microscopy

Published on: February 17, 2022

Trim5 TAKes on pattern recognition.

Semih U Tareen1, Michael Emerman

  • 1Immune Design Corp., 1124 Columbia Street, Suite 700, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. semih.tareen@immunedesign.com

Cell Host & Microbe
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Host protein Trim5α recognizes and degrades retroviral capsids. Upon sensing the capsid lattice, Trim5α triggers ubiquitin chains, activating TAK1 kinase and innate immune responses.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Pattern Generation for Micropattern Traction Microscopy
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Electronic Tongue Generating Continuous Recognition Patterns for Protein Analysis
08:46

Electronic Tongue Generating Continuous Recognition Patterns for Protein Analysis

Published on: September 16, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The host protein Trim5α plays a crucial role in innate immunity by recognizing and degrading retroviral capsids.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of Trim5α recognition is vital for controlling viral infections.

Discussion:

  • Pertel et al. (2011) demonstrated that Trim5α senses the retroviral capsid lattice.
  • This sensing event initiates the generation of free ubiquitin chains.

Key Insights:

  • Trim5α activation leads to the production of ubiquitin chains.
  • These ubiquitin chains activate TAK1 kinase, a key signaling molecule.
  • Activation of TAK1 kinase subsequently triggers downstream innate immune response genes.

Outlook:

  • Further research into the Trim5α-ubiquitin-TAK1 pathway could reveal new therapeutic targets.
  • This pathway is critical for understanding host-pathogen interactions and developing antiviral strategies.