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Relationship between tethered forces and the four swimming techniques performance.

Pedro Morouço1, Kari L Keskinen, Joao Paulo Vilas-Boas

  • 1Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

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This study found that absolute tethered swimming force production is a reliable predictor of competitive performance in short distances across all four strokes. Relative force values were less associated with overall swimming success.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Swimming Performance Analysis

Background:

  • Understanding the relationship between force production and swimming velocity is crucial for optimizing training.
  • Tethered swimming tests offer a controlled environment to measure propulsive forces.
  • Previous research has explored force-velocity relationships, but direct links to competitive outcomes need further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the correlation between tethered swimming force and competitive performance across different distances and strokes.
  • To investigate whether absolute or relative force production is a better indicator of swimming success.
  • To assess the reliability of tethered swimming protocols for performance prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-two swimmers completed a 30-second tethered swimming maximal effort test.
  • Competitive swimming velocities were recorded for 50m, 100m, and 200m events within 25 days.
  • Statistical analysis (correlation) was used to compare force and velocity data.

Main Results:

  • Significant positive correlations were found between mean force and velocity at 50m for all four strokes: front crawl (r=.92), backstroke (r=.81), breaststroke (r=.94), and butterfly (r=.92).
  • Absolute force production values demonstrated a stronger association with competitive performance compared to relative (body mass-normalized) values.
  • The tethered swimming test proved to be a reliable method for assessing stroking force.

Conclusions:

  • Absolute force production is a key determinant of competitive swimming performance, particularly in shorter distances.
  • Tethered swimming force measurement is a valid and useful tool for estimating a swimmer's competitive potential.
  • Coaches can utilize tethered swimming data to inform training strategies for enhancing performance.