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Related Concept Videos

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:13

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom, respectively.
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions

Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Proton (¹H) NMR: Chemical Shift01:07

Proton (¹H) NMR: Chemical Shift

Organic molecules primarily contain carbon and hydrogen atoms. While all the hydrogen isotopes are NMR-active, protium or hydrogen-1 is the most abundant. It has a significant energy separation between its nuclear spin states due to its large gyromagnetic ratio. As per Boltzmann's distribution, an increase in the energy separation implies a greater excess population of nuclei available for excitation, resulting in a strong NMR absorption signal.
Absorption signals of all the protium nuclei in a...
Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview01:15

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview

Carboxylic acid derivatives are formed by replacing the hydroxyl group of carboxylic acids with a different functional group. The most common carboxylic acid derivatives are:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics
14:18

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

Published on: May 27, 2014

Methyl 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxyl-ate.

Tobias Kerscher1, Peter Mayer, Peter Klüfers

  • 1Department Chemie und Biochemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals the crystal structure of a planar organic compound, C(6)H(7)NO(2). Intermolecular hydrogen bonds link molecules into helical chains, showcasing unique crystal packing.

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding the molecular arrangement and intermolecular interactions in organic solids is crucial for predicting their physical properties.
  • The compound C(6)H(7)NO(2) represents a class of molecules with potential applications in materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of C(6)H(7)NO(2).
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions and packing motifs in the solid state.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and intermolecular contacts was performed.

Main Results:

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Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines
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Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase
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Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Published on: November 23, 2016

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A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics
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Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines
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Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines

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Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase
11:01

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Published on: November 23, 2016

  • The molecule C(6)H(7)NO(2) exhibits a nearly planar conformation.
  • A dihedral angle of 3.6(3)° was observed between the pyrrole ring and the methoxy-carbonyl group.
  • Intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the N-H group and a carboxylate oxygen atom were identified.
  • These interactions result in the formation of helical chains along the crystallographic b axis.
  • Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure of C(6)H(7)NO(2) is characterized by planar molecular geometry and helical chain formation.
    • Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in directing the self-assembly of these organic molecules in the solid state.