Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...
Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis01:28

Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis

Bacterial pathogens depend on precise and efficient DNA replication to sustain infection. Two type II topoisomerases—DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV—are critical to this process, as they resolve DNA supercoiling and unlink chromosomes during replication. Fluoroquinolones, synthetic derivatives of quinolones, exploit this mechanism by stabilizing the transient DNA–enzyme cleavage complex, preventing strand religation, and causing lethal double-strand breaks. These antibiotics are selectively...
meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H01:13

meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H

All meta-directing substituents are deactivating groups. These substituents withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring, making the ring less reactive toward electrophilic substitution. For example, the nitration of nitrobenzene is 100,000 times slower than that of benzene because of the deactivating effect of the nitro group. The first step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation. The energy diagrams for the...
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene01:20

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.
NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:37

NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

AIE-Active Circularly Polarized Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for Stable Solution-Processed Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Erratum to "Bradyrhizobium nanningense sp. nov., Bradyrhizobium guangzhouense sp. nov. and Bradyrhizobium zhanjiangense sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules of peanut in Southeast China" [Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 42(2019) 126002].

Systematic and applied microbiology·2020
Same author

Multiple Genes of Symbiotic Plasmid and Chromosome in Type II Peanut <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> Strains Corresponding to the Incompatible Symbiosis With <i>Vigna radiata</i>.

Frontiers in microbiology·2020
Same author

Bradyrhizobium nanningense sp. nov., Bradyrhizobium guangzhouense sp. nov. and Bradyrhizobium zhanjiangense sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules of peanut in Southeast China.

Systematic and applied microbiology·2019
Same author

[Characteristics of ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emission from a paddy soil under continuous application of different slow/controlled release urea.]

Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology·2018
Same author

Brevibacterium metallicus sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from roots of Prosopis laegivata grown at the edge of a mine tailing in Mexico.

Archives of microbiology·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Facile Preparation of 4-Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives
11:51

Facile Preparation of 4-Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives

Published on: February 15, 2016

8-(4-Nitro-benz-yloxy)quinoline.

Yuan Zhang1, Yong Hua Li

  • 1Ordered Matter Science Research Center, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a C(16)H(12)N(2)O(3) compound, revealing how its quinoline and benzene rings are oriented. Intermolecular interactions and pi-pi contacts stabilize the molecular arrangement in the crystal lattice.

More Related Videos

Green Synthesis of Quinoline-Based Ionic Liquid
05:59

Green Synthesis of Quinoline-Based Ionic Liquid

Published on: September 27, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Facile Preparation of 4-Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives
11:51

Facile Preparation of 4-Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives

Published on: February 15, 2016

Green Synthesis of Quinoline-Based Ionic Liquid
05:59

Green Synthesis of Quinoline-Based Ionic Liquid

Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in organic molecules is crucial for predicting their properties.
  • Crystal structure analysis provides detailed insights into molecular geometry and intermolecular forces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound C(16)H(12)N(2)O(3).
  • To investigate the spatial orientation of the quinoline and benzene ring systems within the crystal lattice.
  • To identify and analyze the intermolecular interactions stabilizing the crystal structure.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles provided geometric information.
  • Identification of intermolecular interactions such as C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking.

Main Results:

  • The compound C(16)H(12)N(2)O(3) exhibits a planar quinoline ring system with a maximum deviation of 0.025(3) Å.
  • The quinoline and benzene rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 61.76(7)°.
  • Intermolecular C-H⋯O interactions link molecules into chains along the b axis, and π-π contacts between quinoline rings (3.623(1) Å centroid-centroid distance) further stabilize the structure.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of C(16)H(12)N(2)O(3) is characterized by a specific dihedral angle between the quinoline and benzene rings.
  • The identified intermolecular C-H⋯O interactions and π-π stacking play a significant role in the overall crystal packing and stability.
  • This structural information is valuable for understanding structure-property relationships in related organic compounds.