Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nitrosation of Enols01:19

Nitrosation of Enols

The nitrosation reaction is one of the methods of preparing 1,2-diketones. The enol tautomer of the starting ketone reacts with sodium nitrite in hydrochloric acid, generating the 1,2-diketone after hydrolysis.
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene01:20

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.
Electron Carriers01:24

Electron Carriers

Electron carriers can be thought of as electron shuttles. These compounds can easily accept electrons (i.e., be reduced) or lose them (i.e., be oxidized). They play an essential role in energy production because cellular respiration is contingent on the flow of electrons.
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effect of Addition Amount of Microbial Self-Repairing Material on Anti-Cracking Performance of Concrete.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Research on GM1 bound bMSCs loaded with SF hydrogel for spinal cord injury repair.

Journal of translational medicine·2026
Same author

1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene exerts multi-target effects against ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and remodeling the gut microbiota-metabolism axis.

European journal of pharmacology·2026
Same author

A Study on the Properties of Blended Recycled Micro Powder Concrete and Insulation Boards Produced via Microbial Foaming.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Prevalence of semen abnormalities and the impact of genital pathogens on male infertility: a retrospective analysis of 131 183 patients.

Asian journal of andrology·2026
Same author

The Oral-Gastric Microbial Axis in Gastric Cancer: Mechanisms Underlying Development and Progression.

Cancers·2026
Same journal

Crystal structure of 1-(piperidin-1-yl)butane-1,3-dione.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of methyl 1-methyl-3,5-diphenyl-7-tosyl-3,6,7,11b-tetra-hydro-pyrazolo-[4',3':5,6]pyrano[3,4-c]quinoline-5a(5H)-carboxyl-ate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of 4-amino-1-(4-methyl-benz-yl)pyridinium bromide.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of (Z)-3-benz-yloxy-6-[(2-hy-droxy-anilino)methyl-idene]cyclo-hexa-2,4-dien-1-one.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of bis-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole) perchloric acid monosolvate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of 2-(di-phenyl-phos-phanyl)phenyl 4-(hy-droxy-meth-yl)benzoate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones
07:30

A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones

Published on: January 21, 2020

(E)-N'-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl-ene)nicotinohydrazide monohydrate.

Feng-Yu Bao1, Hai-Yan Zhang, Ying-Xia Zhou

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a compound, revealing the spatial arrangement of its benzodioxole and pyridine rings. The research highlights extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding within the crystal lattice.

More Related Videos

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase
11:01

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Published on: November 23, 2016

Continuous Flow Chemistry: Reaction of Diphenyldiazomethane with p-Nitrobenzoic Acid
07:06

Continuous Flow Chemistry: Reaction of Diphenyldiazomethane with p-Nitrobenzoic Acid

Published on: November 15, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones
07:30

A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones

Published on: January 21, 2020

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase
11:01

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Published on: November 23, 2016

Continuous Flow Chemistry: Reaction of Diphenyldiazomethane with p-Nitrobenzoic Acid
07:06

Continuous Flow Chemistry: Reaction of Diphenyldiazomethane with p-Nitrobenzoic Acid

Published on: November 15, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Chemical Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids is crucial for predicting material properties.
  • Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in molecular self-assembly and the stability of crystal structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(14)H(11)N(3)O(3)·H(2)O.
  • To analyze the spatial relationship between the 1,3-benzodioxole and pyridine ring systems.
  • To identify and characterize the intermolecular interactions, particularly hydrogen bonding, present in the crystal.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles provided insights into the molecular geometry.
  • Intermolecular interactions were investigated through the identification of hydrogen bonds (N-H⋯O, O-H⋯O, O-H⋯N) and weak C-H⋯O interactions.

Main Results:

  • The crystal structure of C(14)H(11)N(3)O(3)·H(2)O was successfully determined.
  • The 1,3-benzodioxole ring system was found to be planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.135 Å.
  • A dihedral angle of 13.93° was observed between the 1,3-benzodioxole and pyridine rings.
  • Extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding, including N-H⋯O, O-H⋯O, and O-H⋯N interactions, along with weak C-H⋯O interactions, were identified.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal packing is stabilized by a network of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
  • The relative orientation of the aromatic ring systems influences the overall crystal architecture.
  • The findings contribute to the understanding of structure-property relationships in organic crystalline materials.