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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
3-Benzyl-1-methyl-imidazolium picrate
Min Pi1, Xiu-Ling Liu, Ji-Jun Xu
1Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei 435002, People's Republic of China.
Summary
This study details the crystal structure of a novel salt, revealing specific dihedral angles and near-parallel orientations between its cation and picrate anion components. Crystal packing is influenced by weak C-H⋯O interactions.
Area of Science:
- Crystallography
- Chemical Physics
Background:
- Understanding the precise three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids is crucial for predicting material properties.
- Picrate salts are known for their energetic properties and have been studied for various applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the crystal structure of the title salt, C(11)H(13)N(2) (+)·C(6)H(2)N(3)O(7) (-).
- To analyze the dihedral angles and relative orientations between the cation and the picrate anion.
- To investigate the nature of intermolecular interactions and disorder within the crystal lattice.
Main Methods:
- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
- Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles was performed.
- Crystal packing was examined to identify stabilizing interactions.
Main Results:
- The crystal structure of the title salt was successfully determined.
- Significant dihedral angles of 113.7(2)° and 116.3(2)° were observed between the cation's benzene ring and the imidazolium ring, and the picrate anion's benzene ring, respectively.
- A near-parallel orientation was found between the imidazolium ring and the picrate anion's benzene ring, with a dihedral angle of 2.6(1)°.
- Disorder in the nitro groups of the picrate anions was identified (occupancy ratio 0.54:0.46).
- Weak C-H⋯O interactions were identified as the primary contributors to crystal packing stabilization.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a detailed structural characterization of the title salt.
- The observed structural features, including dihedral angles and anion disorder, offer insights into the solid-state behavior of this compound.
- Weak intermolecular interactions play a significant role in the crystal architecture.
