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Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides

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IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes

Aldehydes are named based on the systematic nomenclature rules set by the IUPAC. For acyclic aldehydes, the longest carbon chain containing the aldehydic (–CHO) group is considered the parent chain. The aldehyde is named by replacing the last letter “e” in the hydrocarbon name with “al”. For instance, a simple, seven-carbon-membered acyclic aldehyde is called heptanal, derived from heptane. The carbon chain is numbered starting from the aldehydic carbon, although the aldehydic carbon’s locant...

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

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Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes

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Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis

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A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

Published on: May 27, 2014

Dehydro-abietic acid.

Xiao-Ping Rao¹, Zhan-Qian Song, Shi-Bin Shang

¹Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online

|May 18, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel compound, (1R,4aS,10aR)-7-iso-propyl-1,4a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octa-hydro-phen-anthrene-1-carboxylic acid, was isolated from rosin. Its crystal structure reveals specific ring conformations and hydrogen bonding.

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Area of Science:

Organic Chemistry
Crystallography
Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

Rosin, a natural resin, is a complex mixture of resin acids.
Isomerization of gum rosin yields disproportionated rosin, a source of novel compounds.
Understanding the chemical constituents of rosin is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize a specific compound from disproportionated rosin.
To elucidate the crystal structure of the isolated compound.
To investigate the conformational properties and intermolecular interactions.

Main Methods:

Isolation of the title compound from disproportionated rosin.
Catalytic isomerization of gum rosin using a Palladium on Carbon (Pd-C) catalyst.
X-ray crystallographic analysis to determine the molecular and crystal structure.

Main Results:

Isolation and identification of (1R,4aS,10aR)-7-iso-propyl-1,4a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octa-hydro-phen-anthrene-1-carboxylic acid.
Determination of two crystallographically independent molecules in the asymmetric unit.
Identification of planar, half-chair, and chair conformations in the three six-membered rings, with a trans ring junction and axial methyl groups.
Observation of intermolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds stabilizing the crystal structure.

Conclusions:

The study successfully isolated and characterized a novel phenanthrene derivative from rosin.
The crystal structure provides detailed insights into the compound's stereochemistry and conformation.
Intermolecular hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in the crystal packing of this compound.