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Related Concept Videos

Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
Goiter01:27

Goiter

Goiter refers to an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that may appear as a diffuse goiter (uniform enlargement) or nodular (single or multiple nodules). Functionally, it is classified as nontoxic (normal/low hormone levels) or toxic (excess hormone production).PathophysiologyDiffuse thyroid enlargement typically results from prolonged stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH-like agents, commonly seen in hypothyroidism or iodine deficiency. In contrast, in hyperthyroid...
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...
[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement01:21

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement

The Cope rearrangement is classified as a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-dienes, leading to a more stable, isomeric 1,5-diene. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six electrons, four from two π bonds and two from a σ bond, via an energetically favorable chair-like transition state.
Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism02:37

Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism

Depending upon the different spatial orientation of the substituents, the disubstituted cycloalkanes exhibit two types of stereoisomers. The cis isomers have the substituents on the same side of the ring, whereas the trans isomers have the substituents on the opposite sides. These stereoisomers exhibit different physical properties and cannot be interconverted without breaking the carbon-carbon bonds.
In cyclohexane, the substituents can occupy different positions generating distinct isomers.

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High-resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Studying Chemical Constituents of Gynura bicolor DC
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A dimeric sesquiterpene, gochnatiolide A.

Hui-Ping Xiong, Zhi-Jun Wu, Dong-Sheng Chen

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel dimeric sesquiterpene, derived from dehydro-zaluzanin C, was isolated from Ainsliaea henryi. This compound features a unique cyclohexane system linking two sesquiterpene lactone units.

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    Area of Science:

    • Natural Products Chemistry
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Phytochemistry

    Background:

    • Sesquiterpene lactones are a diverse class of natural products with a wide range of biological activities.
    • Ainsliaea species are known sources of various bioactive compounds.
    • Dehydro-zaluzanin C is a known sesquiterpene lactone.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize a novel dimeric sesquiterpene from Ainsliaea henryi.
    • To elucidate the chemical structure of the isolated compound.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of the title compound from Ainsliaea henryi using chromatographic techniques.
    • Structure elucidation using spectroscopic methods (e.g., NMR, Mass Spectrometry).

    Main Results:

    • A novel dimeric sesquiterpene, 5'a-hydroxy-1',3,6,8'-tetrakis(methylene)-3a,4,5,5',5'a,6,6',6a,7,7',7'a,8',9a,9b,10'a,10'b-hexadecahydrospiro[azuleno[4,5-b]furan-9(2H),3'-[3H]benz[1,8]azuleno[4,5-b]furan]-2,2',8,9'(1'H,3H,4'H)-tetrone acetone 0.92-solvate, was isolated.
    • The compound is a dimeric sesquiterpene formed by a cyclohexane system connecting two dehydro-zaluzanin C units.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully isolated and characterized a new dimeric sesquiterpene from Ainsliaea henryi.
    • The findings contribute to the understanding of sesquiterpene diversity and biosynthesis in the Ainsliaea genus.