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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species
Published on: August 16, 2018
2-(1-Propyl-2,6-distyryl-1,4-dihydro-pyridin-4-yl-idene)malononitrile
Kwang Ha1, Joon Heo, Hyung Jin Kim
1School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Center for Functional Nano Fine Chemicals, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
In the title compound, C(27)H(23)N(3), the dihedral angles between the central pyridine ring and the two outer benzene rings are 32.6 (1) and 52.0 (1)°. The compound displays inter-molecular π-π inter-actions between adjacent six-membered rings, the shortest centroid-centroid distance being 3.981 (3) Å.
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Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
IUPAC Nomenclature of Ketones