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Related Concept Videos

Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene01:14

Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene

Electrophilic addition of halogens to alkenes proceeds via a cyclic halonium ion to form a 1,2-dihalide or a vicinal dihalide.
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Nomenclature of Alkynes02:39

Nomenclature of Alkynes

Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds and have a general formula CnH2n-2. The nomenclature of alkynes follows a set of rules similar to alkanes and alkenes; however, alkynes bear the suffix "-yne" instead of "-ane" or "-ene." There are two approaches to naming alkynes:
Mass Spectrometry: Branched Alkane Fragmentation01:29

Mass Spectrometry: Branched Alkane Fragmentation

This lesson delves into the mass spectrometry of branched alkane fragmentation. Branched alkanes possess secondary or tertiary carbon atoms, which generate relatively stable carbocations if the cleavage occurs at the branching point. The high stability of carbocations drives the instant fragmentation of branched alkanes. Accordingly, the branched alkane's molecular ion peak is very weak or invisible in the mass spectra, especially in comparison to a linear alkane.
Structure of Conjugated Dienes01:16

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
19:58

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Published on: July 30, 2017

2-(2-Methoxy-phen-yl)butane-dinitrile.

Xiang-Zi Li, Zhi-Jun Feng, Yan Yu

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The crystal structure of a novel butane-dinitrile compound was determined. Its molecular conformation and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions were analyzed.

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    Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
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    Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization

    Published on: November 27, 2015

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Supramolecular Chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding molecular conformation and crystal packing is crucial in materials science and drug design.
    • Intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding, significantly influence the physical properties of crystalline solids.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the three-dimensional structure of the title compound, C(11)H(10)N(2)O.
    • To investigate the conformational preferences of the butane-dinitrile moiety within the crystal lattice.
    • To identify and characterize the intermolecular interactions responsible for crystal stabilization.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • Conformational analysis was performed on the butane-dinitrile unit.
    • Intermolecular interactions, specifically C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • The title compound, C(11)H(10)N(2)O, crystallizes in a specific packing arrangement.
    • The butane-dinitrile unit adopts a synclinal conformation in the solid state.
    • Weak intermolecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds were identified as the primary stabilizing forces in the crystal structure.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides detailed structural insights into a novel butane-dinitrile derivative.
    • The observed synclinal conformation and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonding highlight the importance of non-covalent interactions in dictating crystal architecture.
    • These findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of structure-property relationships in organic crystalline materials.