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Related Concept Videos

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
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Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism

Birch reduction uses solvated electrons as reducing agents. The reaction converts benzene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The reaction proceeds by the transfer of a single electron to the ring to form a benzene radical anion. This anion is highly basic—it abstracts a proton from the alcohol to form a cyclohexadienyl radical. Another single electron transfer gives the cyclohexadienyl anion. A proton transfer from the alcohol forms 1,4-cyclohexadiene. Since this reduction occurs via radical anion...
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Crossed Claisen condensations are base-promoted reactions between two different ester molecules producing β-dicarbonyl compounds. The reaction involving esters, with both containing α hydrogen, results in a mixture of four different products that are difficult to isolate. This reduces the synthetic utility of the reaction.
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Diels–Alder reactions between cyclic dienes locked in an s-cis configuration and dienophiles yield bridged bicyclic products.
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Electrophilic addition of halogens to alkenes proceeds via a cyclic halonium ion to form a 1,2-dihalide or a vicinal dihalide.

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Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Published on: December 4, 2016

4-Methoxy-benzene-carbothio-amide.

Saqib Ali, Shahid Hameed, Ahmad Luqman

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study details the crystal structure of C(8)H(9)NOS, revealing two independent molecules with differing methoxy group orientations. Molecules form dimers through hydrogen bonds, creating specific ring structures within the crystal lattice.

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    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Supramolecular Chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding the solid-state structure of organic compounds is crucial for predicting their physical and chemical properties.
    • Carbothioamide derivatives are known for diverse biological activities and potential applications in materials science.
    • Crystal engineering principles guide the design of specific intermolecular interactions to achieve desired network topologies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound C(8)H(9)NOS.
    • To analyze the intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bonding and their influence on crystal packing.
    • To characterize the supramolecular architecture formed by the molecules in the solid state.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • Analysis of bond distances, bond angles, and torsion angles provided insights into molecular geometry.
    • Intermolecular interactions were identified and quantified using hydrogen bond analysis and graph set notation.

    Main Results:

    • The asymmetric unit contains two independent molecules of C(8)H(9)NOS with distinct methoxy group conformations.
    • Carbothioamide groups are tilted relative to the benzene rings by specific angles (7.88° and 11.16°).
    • Molecules form dimers via N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds (R(2)(2)(8) motif), which are further organized into chains by C-H⋯O bonds, and adjacent chains interact via N-H⋯S bonds (R(4)(2)(8) motif).

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure of C(8)H(9)NOS is characterized by specific molecular conformations and significant intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
    • The observed hydrogen bonding network dictates the formation of dimers, chains, and higher-order assemblies in the crystal lattice.
    • This detailed structural analysis provides a foundation for understanding structure-property relationships and potential applications of this class of compounds.