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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Preparation of SNS Cobalt(II) Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase
06:31

Preparation of SNS Cobalt(II) Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Published on: March 19, 2020

[Diphenyldi(pyrazol-1-yl)methane]-dinitratocobalt(II).

Janet L Shaw, Bruce C Noll

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details the crystal structure of a cobalt(II) compound with a diphenyl-dipyrazolylmethane ligand. The coordination geometry is a distorted octahedron, stabilized by hydrogen bonds.

    Area of Science:

    • Coordination Chemistry
    • Crystal Engineering
    • Inorganic Synthesis

    Background:

    • Cobalt(II) complexes with polydentate ligands are of interest due to their diverse coordination geometries and potential applications.
    • Diphenyl-dipyrazolylmethane ligands offer versatile coordination modes for metal ions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure and coordination environment of a novel cobalt(II) complex.
    • To investigate the structural features and intermolecular interactions within the synthesized compound.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles provided insights into the coordination geometry.

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    Published on: May 21, 2019

    Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids
    07:14

    Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

    Published on: August 23, 2018

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    Preparation of SNS Cobalt(II) Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase
    06:31

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    Published on: March 19, 2020

    [(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
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    Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids
    07:14

    Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

    Published on: August 23, 2018

    Main Results:

    • The cobalt(II) center is coordinated by a diphenyl-dipyrazolylmethane ligand in a bidentate manner, forming a six-membered ring.
    • The coordination geometry around cobalt(II) is a distorted octahedron, with two bidentate nitrate anions completing the coordination sphere.
    • The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular C-H⋯O and intramolecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully characterized a new cobalt(II) complex, [Co(NO3)2(C19H16N4)].
    • The structural analysis reveals a distorted octahedral coordination geometry and highlights the role of hydrogen bonding in crystal packing.