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Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes

Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes

An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbons. When the halogen is bromine, it is called a bromohydrin, while a chlorohydrin has chlorine as the halogen.

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.

Weak Base Solutions

Weak Base Solutions

Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...

Nomenclature of Secondary and Tertiary Amines

Nomenclature of Secondary and Tertiary Amines

The secondary and tertiary amines are derivatives of ammonia, where two and three of its hydrogens are replaced by alkyl groups, respectively. Secondary and tertiary amines can be symmetrical with identical alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom or unsymmetrical when more than one type of alkyl group is present. The standard nomenclature of secondary and tertiary amines is similar to the names given to the primary amines. They are generally named alkylamines. As depicted in Figure 1, for...

Alkyl Halides

Alkyl Halides

Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to produce ions through complete electron transfer. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.

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Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation

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n-Dodecyl-ammonium bromide monohydrate.

Wenyan Dan¹, Youying Di, Donghua He

¹College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online

|May 18, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals the crystal structure of n-dodecyl-ammonium bromide monohydrate. Ionic layers are linked by water molecules through hydrogen bonds, forming a unique crystal arrangement.

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Area of Science:

Crystal chemistry
Supramolecular chemistry
Materials science

Background:

Understanding the self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules is crucial for materials science.
Ionic compounds with long alkyl chains exhibit diverse crystal structures and properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the crystal structure of n-dodecyl-ammonium bromide monohydrate.
To investigate the role of water molecules in the crystal packing and hydrogen bonding network.

Main Methods:

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
Analysis of hydrogen bonding interactions (N-H⋯Br, O-H⋯Br, N-H⋯O) was performed.

Main Results:

The crystal structure features ionic layers of n-dodecyl-ammonium cations and bromide anions.
These layers are interconnected by water molecules via hydrogen bonds at an angle of 85.84°.
The alkyl chains adopt an all-trans conformation, and intermolecular hydrogen bonds stabilize the structure.

Conclusions:

The crystal structure of n-dodecyl-ammonium bromide monohydrate is characterized by layered ionic arrangements stabilized by water-mediated hydrogen bonds.
The study provides insights into the supramolecular assembly of long-chain ammonium salts.