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Related Concept Videos

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes01:16

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes

Aldehydes are named based on the systematic nomenclature rules set by the IUPAC. For acyclic aldehydes, the longest carbon chain containing the aldehydic (–CHO) group is considered the parent chain. The aldehyde is named by replacing the last letter “e” in the hydrocarbon name with “al”. For instance, a simple, seven-carbon-membered acyclic aldehyde is called heptanal, derived from heptane. The carbon chain is numbered starting from the aldehydic carbon, although the aldehydic carbon’s locant...
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides01:16

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides

Naming Acid Halides
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
Organic Compounds03:02

Organic Compounds

All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic compounds that contain carbon. Although a single, precise definition has yet to be identified by the chemistry community, most agree that a defining trait of organic molecules is the presence of carbon as the principal element, bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. However, some carbon-containing compounds such as carbonates, cyanides, and...
Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives01:35

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

Just like β-keto acids—which upon thermal decarboxylation form ketones—β-dicarboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation to generate monocarboxylic acids with the liberation of carbon dioxide.
IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids01:16

IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids

IUPAC names of carboxylic acids are systematically derived following a few rules discussed below.
For acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids, the longest hydrocarbon chain containing the –COOH carbon is identified as the parent chain. Then, the last -e of the parent hydrocarbon name is replaced with a suffix -oic acid.
Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis01:14

Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis

Malonic ester synthesis is a method to obtain α substituted carboxylic acids from ꞵ-diesters such as diethyl malonate and alkyl halides.

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A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics
14:18

A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

Published on: May 27, 2014

3-(4-Methoxy-benzo-yl)propionic acid.

Sajid Ali, Nasim Hassan Rama, Ghulam Qadeer

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study reveals the crystal structure of C(11)H(12)O(4), highlighting intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯O interactions that stabilize the molecular packing. These interactions are crucial for understanding crystal formation and material properties.

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    Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

    Published on: April 27, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Solid-state chemistry
    • Supramolecular chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding the intermolecular forces governing crystal packing is essential for predicting and controlling material properties.
    • Hydrogen bonds and other non-covalent interactions play a critical role in the self-assembly of molecules in the solid state.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(11)H(12)O(4).
    • To identify and characterize the intermolecular interactions responsible for the observed crystal packing.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure of the compound.
    • Analysis of the crystal structure involved identifying hydrogen bonds (O-H⋯O, C-H⋯O) and other non-covalent interactions (C-H⋯π).

    Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of C(11)H(12)O(4) was successfully determined.
    • Inversion dimers were observed, formed by pairs of intermolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
    • C-H⋯O bonds and C-H⋯π interactions were identified as significant contributors to the overall crystal packing and stability.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal packing of C(11)H(12)O(4) is primarily dictated by a combination of strong intermolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming inversion dimers and stabilizing C-H⋯O interactions.
    • The presence of a C-H⋯π contact further contributes to the consolidation of the crystal lattice.
    • These findings provide insights into the structure-property relationships of this compound and similar molecular systems.