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Related Concept Videos

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview01:32

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview

Cyanohydrins are compounds that contain –CN and –OH groups on the same carbon atom. They are formed by the nucleophilic addition of the cyanide ions to the carbonyl group. Cyanide ions are highly basic and nucleophilic and can be generated from HCN under aqueous conditions. However, since HCN is a weak acid, the number of cyanide ions generated is very small. Hence, a small amount of base or KCN/NaCN is added to HCN to increase the concentration of the cyanide ions in the reaction mixture.
Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...
Acid Halides to Ketones: Gilman Reagent01:14

Acid Halides to Ketones: Gilman Reagent

Lithium dialkyl cuprate, also known as Gilman reagents, selectively reduces acid halides to ketones. The acid chloride is treated with Gilman reagent at −78 °C in the presence of ether solution to produce a ketone in good yield.
As shown below, the mechanism proceeds in two steps. First, one of the alkyl groups of the reagent acts as a nucleophile and attacks the acyl carbon of the acid chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen double...

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In Vitro Enzyme Measurement to Test Pharmacological Chaperone Responsiveness in Fabry and Pompe Disease
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Published on: December 20, 2017

Bis[glycinium(0.5+)] perrhenate.

V H Rodrigues, M M R R Costa, T Dekola

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study details the crystal structure of a compound containing glycine and perrhenate. Strong hydrogen bonds form a 3D network, influencing the material's properties.

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    Hydrolysis of a Ni-Schiff-Base Complex Using Conditions Suitable for Retention of Acid-labile Protecting Groups

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    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Solid-state chemistry
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Understanding the crystal structure of novel compounds is crucial for predicting their properties.
    • Glycine and perrhenate salts are of interest due to their potential applications in various fields.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the detailed crystal structure of the title compound, (C(2)H(5.5)NO(2))(2)[ReO(4)].
    • To analyze the bonding interactions, particularly hydrogen bonds, within the crystal lattice.
    • To understand how these interactions contribute to the overall network structure.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the atomic arrangement.
    • Crystallographic analysis was performed to identify residue positions and molecular conformations.
    • Hydrogen bond analysis was conducted to characterize the network formation.

    Main Results:

    • All residues of the compound are located in general crystallographic positions.
    • Glycine molecules exhibit typical conformations with a half-occupied carboxylate hydrogen atom.
    • The perrhenate anion displays near-ideal tetrahedral geometry.
    • A robust three-dimensional network is formed through extensive hydrogen bonding.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure is stabilized by a significant number of strong hydrogen bonds.
    • A 2D network parallel to the (100) plane is formed by strong O-H⋯O bonds.
    • Weaker O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds further consolidate the 3D structure.