Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 1, 2026
08:55
Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials
Published on: June 25, 2018
4-Amino-3-ammonio-pyridinium dichloride
1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471022, People's Republic of China.
Summary
The study reveals a 3D network in a C(5)H(9)N(3) compound, formed by chloride-bridged hydrogen bonds. This structure highlights novel interactions in chemical compounds.
Area of Science:
- Crystal Engineering
- Supramolecular Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Understanding the self-assembly of organic compounds is crucial for designing new materials.
- Hydrogen bonding plays a key role in directing the formation of extended crystalline structures.
- The specific interactions within C(5)H(9)N(3)·2Cl(-) have not been previously detailed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(5)H(9)N(3) (2+)·2Cl(-).
- To identify and characterize the intermolecular interactions responsible for the compound's network formation.
- To investigate the role of hydrogen bonding in the supramolecular assembly.
Main Methods:
- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
- Analysis of hydrogen bonding networks, specifically N-H⋯Cl interactions.
- Examination of potential aromatic ring stacking interactions.
Main Results:
- The title compound crystallizes as a salt, C(5)H(9)N(3) (2+)·2Cl(-).
- A three-dimensional network is formed through two chloride-bridged, three-centered N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds.
- No significant pi-stacking interactions were observed between the aromatic rings.
Conclusions:
- The crystal structure is dominated by robust hydrogen bonding, creating a unique 3D architecture.
- The absence of aromatic stacking suggests that hydrogen bonding is the primary driving force for self-assembly in this system.
- This detailed structural analysis provides a foundation for understanding structure-property relationships in related compounds.
More Related Videos
06:35Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
Published on: February 15, 2016
08:48Development of a Backbone Cyclic Peptide Library as Potential Antiparasitic Therapeutics Using Microwave Irradiation
Published on: January 26, 2016
Related Concept Videos
01:19Structure of Amines
The hybridized nitrogen atom in amines possesses a lone pair of electrons and is bound to three substituents with a bond angle of around 108°, which is less than the tetrahedral angle of 109.5°. However, the C–N–H bond angle is slightly larger at 112°, with a carbon–nitrogen bond length of 147 pm. This carbon–nitrogen bond length of of amines is longer than the carbon–oxygen bond of alcohols (143 pm) but shorter than alkanes’ carbon–carbon bond (154 pm). These aspects are illustrated in Figure...
01:19Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
01:07Acid Halides to Amides: Aminolysis
Aminolysis is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction, where ammonia or amines act as nucleophiles to give the substitution product. Acid halides react with ammonia, primary amines, and secondary amines to yield primary, secondary, and tertiary amides, respectively.
In the first step of the aminolysis mechanism, the amine attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acyl chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the second step, the carbonyl group is re-formed with the elimination of a chloride...
In the first step of the aminolysis mechanism, the amine attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acyl chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the second step, the carbonyl group is re-formed with the elimination of a chloride...
01:12Nomenclature of Secondary and Tertiary Amines
The secondary and tertiary amines are derivatives of ammonia, where two and three of its hydrogens are replaced by alkyl groups, respectively. Secondary and tertiary amines can be symmetrical with identical alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom or unsymmetrical when more than one type of alkyl group is present. The standard nomenclature of secondary and tertiary amines is similar to the names given to the primary amines. They are generally named alkylamines. As depicted in Figure 1, for...
01:25Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
01:17Nomenclature of Primary Amines
Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.