Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...

Antifungal Agents

Antifungal Agents

Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).

Physical Properties of Amines

Physical Properties of Amines

Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.

Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis

Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis

Direct alkylation is not a suitable method for synthesizing amines because it produces polyalkylated products. Gabriel synthesis is the most preferred method to exclusively make primary amines. The method uses phthalimide, which contains a protected form of nitrogen that participates in alkylation only once to predominantly give primary amines.
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Sporadic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in an Adolescent Harboring a Somatic CDH1 Mutation: A Case Report and Literature Review.

The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences·2026

Same author

Metabolic Reprogramming and GM-CSF Secretion in Areca Nut-Activated Fibroblasts Drive Oral Precancer Progression.

Oral diseases·2026

Same author

Artificial intelligence-assisted enhancement of diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in detecting cervical lymph node metastases in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Journal of dental sciences·2025

Same author

Coordination Polymers Bearing Angular 4,4'-Oxybis[<i>N</i>-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)benzamide] and Isomeric Dicarboxylate Ligands: Synthesis, Structures and Properties.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

Areca nut-induced metabolic reprogramming and M2 differentiation promote OPMD malignant transformation.

Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR·2024

Same author

Diverse Co(II) Coordination Polymers with the Same Mixed Ligands: Evaluation of Chemical Stability and Structural Transformation.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Published on: April 27, 2017

N,N-Bis(2-pyrid-yl)formamidine.

Chia-Jun Wu, Chang-Wei Su, Chun-Wei Yeh

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online

|May 18, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The crystal structure of C(11)H(10)N(4) reveals molecules forming dimers through hydrogen bonds. These dimers exhibit an s-trans-anti-s-cis conformation in the solid state.

More Related Videos

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Published on: April 3, 2014

A Bright NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for Vascular and Tumor Imaging

A Bright NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for Vascular and Tumor Imaging

Published on: March 17, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Published on: April 27, 2017

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Published on: April 3, 2014

A Bright NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for Vascular and Tumor Imaging

A Bright NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for Vascular and Tumor Imaging

Published on: March 17, 2023

Area of Science:

Crystallography
Molecular structure analysis
Organic chemistry

Background:

Understanding molecular conformations is crucial in chemistry.
Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in crystal packing.
Dihedral angles define the spatial arrangement of molecular components.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the crystal structure of the title compound, C(11)H(10)N(4).
To analyze the intermolecular interactions and conformation in the solid state.

Main Methods:

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to elucidate the crystal structure.
Analysis of hydrogen bonding networks (N-H⋯N and C-H⋯N) was performed.
The dihedral angle between pyridyl rings was measured.

Main Results:

The crystal structure of C(11)H(10)N(4) was determined.
A dihedral angle of 36.1° was observed between the two pyridyl rings.
Molecules form dimers via N-H⋯N and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, located on inversion centers.
The compound adopts an s-trans-anti-s-cis conformation in the solid state.

Conclusions:

The study provides detailed structural information for C(11)H(10)N(4).
Hydrogen bonding dictates the formation of dimeric units and influences the overall molecular conformation.
The observed conformation is stable in the solid state.