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Preparation of Epoxides03:00

Preparation of Epoxides

Overview
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...
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Cyclic ethers are heterocyclic compounds with an oxygen atom in the ring along with carbon atoms. They are named depending on the number of carbon atoms present in their ring system. Cyclic ethers with a three-membered ring system are called “oxirane”, four-membered ring systems as “oxetane”, five-membered ring systems as “oxolane”, and six-membered ring systems as “oxane”. The cyclic structure of these rings imposes angle strain, and this strain is more in the ring having a smaller number of...
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Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.

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2,4-Diethyl-thioxanthen-9-one.

Ge Liu1

  • 1Chifeng University, Chifeng 024000, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a thioxanthone derivative, C(17)H(16)OS. Molecular arrangements reveal nearly planar structures stabilized by weak hydrogen bonds and pi-pi interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Chemical Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Thioxanthone derivatives are important in various chemical applications.
  • Understanding the solid-state structure is crucial for predicting material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(17)H(16)OS.
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions stabilizing the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and intermolecular contacts.

Main Results:

  • The asymmetric unit contains two independent molecules, with one exhibiting near planarity.
  • Dihedral angles indicate minimal deviation from planarity in the nearly planar molecule.
  • Intermolecular interactions include weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming chains and π-π contacts between thioxanthone rings.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure is stabilized by a combination of hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions.
  • The observed structural features provide insights into the solid-state behavior of thioxanthone derivatives.