Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols02:36

Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols

Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.
Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions02:54

Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions

To draw Lewis structures for complicated molecules and molecular ions, it is helpful to follow a step-by-step procedure as outlined:
Determining the pH of Salt Solutions04:08

Determining the pH of Salt Solutions

The pH of a salt solution is determined by its component anions and cations. Salts that contain pH-neutral anions and the hydronium ion-producing cations form a solution with a pH less than 7. For example, in ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) solution, NO3− ions do not react with water whereas NH4+ ions produce the hydronium ions resulting in the acidic solution. In contrast, salts that contain pH-neutral cations and the hydroxide ion-producing anions form a solution with a pH greater than 7. For...
Polyprotic Acids03:38

Polyprotic Acids

Acids are classified by the number of protons per molecule that they can give up in a reaction. Acids such as HCl, HNO3, and HCN that contain one ionizable hydrogen atom in each molecule are called monoprotic acids. Their reactions with water are:
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes03:08

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multianvil synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of high-pressure SrTeO<sub>3</sub>.

Materials advances·2026
Same author

Two (methyl-sulfan-yl)benzyl-derivatized palladium-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes - same formula type but not isotypic.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same author

Crystal structure of Na<sub>4</sub>(As<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>0.5</sub> and a survey of the pyroarsenite anion, (As<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)<sup>4</sup>.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same author

The missing representatives of the hydrated sodium orthophosphate phases: Na<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>7</sub> and Na<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same author

New hydrated phases of potassium orthovanadate: K<sub>3</sub>(VO<sub>4</sub>)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>0.56</sub> and K<sub>3</sub>(VO<sub>4</sub>)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2025
Same author

New structural insights into Fe<sub>2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> - unravelling an unresolved dispute and three reversible phase transitions.

IUCrJ·2025
Same journal

Crystal structure of 1-(piperidin-1-yl)butane-1,3-dione.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of methyl 1-methyl-3,5-diphenyl-7-tosyl-3,6,7,11b-tetra-hydro-pyrazolo-[4',3':5,6]pyrano[3,4-c]quinoline-5a(5H)-carboxyl-ate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of 4-amino-1-(4-methyl-benz-yl)pyridinium bromide.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of (Z)-3-benz-yloxy-6-[(2-hy-droxy-anilino)methyl-idene]cyclo-hexa-2,4-dien-1-one.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of bis-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole) perchloric acid monosolvate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of 2-(di-phenyl-phos-phanyl)phenyl 4-(hy-droxy-meth-yl)benzoate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia
12:05

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia

Published on: October 10, 2013

[Cu(2)(HF(2))(H(2)O)(8)][AlF(6)]·2H(2)O.

Matthias Weil1

  • 1Institute for Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Division of Structural Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164-SC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel copper(II) compound, octaaqua-(hydrogendifluorido)-di-copper(II) hexafluoridoaluminate dihydrate, was synthesized hydrothermally. Its structure features dimeric copper units linked by hydrogen bonds to aluminum fluoride anions and water molecules.

More Related Videos

Atomically Defined Templates for Epitaxial Growth of Complex Oxide Thin Films
08:49

Atomically Defined Templates for Epitaxial Growth of Complex Oxide Thin Films

Published on: December 4, 2014

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
08:43

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Published on: October 27, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia
12:05

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia

Published on: October 10, 2013

Atomically Defined Templates for Epitaxial Growth of Complex Oxide Thin Films
08:49

Atomically Defined Templates for Epitaxial Growth of Complex Oxide Thin Films

Published on: December 4, 2014

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
08:43

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Published on: October 27, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Crystal Engineering
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Hydrothermal synthesis offers a route to novel inorganic compounds.
  • Understanding metal-ligand interactions is crucial for designing new materials.
  • Fluorinated compounds exhibit unique structural and chemical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a new copper(II) complex with a hydrogendifluorido ligand.
  • To investigate the structural features and bonding in the synthesized compound.
  • To explore the role of hydrogen bonding in stabilizing the crystal structure.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrothermal synthesis was employed for compound preparation.
  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
  • Analysis of coordination geometry and hydrogen bonding interactions.

Main Results:

  • The title compound, octaaqua-(hydrogendifluorido)-di-copper(II) hexafluoridoaluminate dihydrate, was successfully synthesized.
  • The crystal structure is isotypic with the analogous Fe(III) compound, [Cu(2)(HF(2))(H(2)O)(8)][FeF(6)]·2H(2)O.
  • Distorted octahedral coordination around Cu(II) atoms leads to dimeric units linked by hydrogen bonds.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidated the structure of a novel copper(II) complex, highlighting the formation of dimeric units.
  • Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in the crystal packing and stabilization of the structure.
  • The findings contribute to the understanding of coordination chemistry involving hydrogendifluorido ligands.