Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids02:04

Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids

Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and phenols...
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
Preparation of Diols and Pinacol Rearrangement01:57

Preparation of Diols and Pinacol Rearrangement

Compounds bearing two hydroxyl groups are known as diols. When the hydroxyl groups are located on adjacent carbon atoms, the diols are called vicinal diols or glycols. Under acidic conditions, vicinal diols undergo a specific reaction called pinacol rearrangement.
The reaction begins with transferring a proton from the acid catalyst to one of the hydroxyl groups, producing an oxonium ion.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation changed the relative abundance of intestinal microbiota in rats with knee osteoarthritis: a potential treatment for KOA.

International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology·2026
Same author

Antioxidant activities of lignin-derived volatile phenolics in sesame oil - Relative superiority of 4-vinylguaiacol and its interactions with endogenous antioxidants.

Food chemistry: X·2026
Same author

Catatonia induced by antipsychotics in an adolescent male patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report.

World journal of psychiatry·2025
Same author

Attribution of psychiatric manifestations to systemic lupus erythematosus in Chinese patients: A retrospective study.

World journal of psychiatry·2025
Same author

Modified Cuff Leak Test for Predicting the Risk of Reintubation in Patients With Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Multicenter, Single-Anonymized, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Chest·2025
Same author

Optimizing liposomal drug delivery for surgical precision: The crucial role of sucrose as a lyoprotectant.

Asian journal of surgery·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine
08:31

Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine

Published on: October 11, 2019

3-Hydr-oxy-1,2-dimethoxy-anthraquinone.

Yong-Jun Xu1, Xiao-Xi Yang, Hong-Bin Zhao

  • 1College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel compound from Morinda officinalis was structurally characterized. Its crystal structure reveals an almost planar anthraquinone core stabilized by hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions.

More Related Videos

In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox
05:47

In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox

Published on: August 28, 2019

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions
07:12

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions

Published on: July 17, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine
08:31

Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine

Published on: October 11, 2019

In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox
05:47

In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox

Published on: August 28, 2019

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions
07:12

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions

Published on: July 17, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Morinda officinalis is a traditional medicinal plant.
  • Anthraquinones are a class of organic compounds with diverse biological activities.
  • Structural elucidation of natural products is crucial for understanding their properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a novel compound from Morinda officinalis.
  • To determine the crystal structure of the isolated compound.
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions in the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of the title compound using chromatographic techniques.
  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
  • Analysis of hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions.

Main Results:

  • The title compound, C(16)H(12)O(5), was successfully isolated.
  • The crystal structure confirmed an almost planar anthraquinone ring system with a dihedral angle of 1.12(4)°.
  • Molecules are linked by O-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and weak π-π stacking interactions (3.699(4) Å) were observed.

Conclusions:

  • The structural characterization provides fundamental data on this natural product.
  • The identified intermolecular interactions offer insights into the solid-state packing and stability.
  • This study contributes to the chemical knowledge of Morinda officinalis constituents.