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Related Concept Videos

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
Nomenclature of Primary Amines01:17

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis01:28

Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis

Direct alkylation is not a suitable method for synthesizing amines because it produces polyalkylated products. Gabriel synthesis is the most preferred method to exclusively make primary amines. The method uses phthalimide, which contains a protected form of nitrogen that participates in alkylation only once to predominantly give primary amines.
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...

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Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase
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Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Published on: November 23, 2016

(E)-2-(4-Nitro-benzyl-ideneamino)benzamide.

Shu-Liang Wang1, Ke Yang, Xiang-Shan Wang

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a novel organic compound, C(14)H(11)N(3)O(3). It reveals specific molecular conformations and intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bonding that leads to dimer formation.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Molecular Structure

Background:

  • Understanding the solid-state structure of organic compounds is crucial for predicting their physical and chemical properties.
  • Detailed analysis of molecular conformation and intermolecular forces provides insights into material behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure and intermolecular interactions of the title compound, C(14)H(11)N(3)O(3).
  • To characterize the conformational preferences and hydrogen bonding networks within the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional molecular structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles characterized the molecular conformation.
  • Hydrogen bonding interactions were identified and analyzed using geometric criteria.

Main Results:

  • The title compound, C(14)H(11)N(3)O(3), crystallizes in an E conformation.
  • A significant dihedral angle of 41.8(1)° was observed between the two benzene ring planes.
  • Intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds were identified, leading to the formation of dimers through inversion centers.
  • A non-classical intermolecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond further stabilized the dimeric structures.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of C(14)H(11)N(3)O(3) is characterized by specific conformational and hydrogen bonding patterns.
  • Intermolecular interactions, including classical and non-classical hydrogen bonds, play a key role in organizing the crystal packing and forming dimers.