Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.

Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview

Carboxylic acid derivatives are formed by replacing the hydroxyl group of carboxylic acids with a different functional group. The most common carboxylic acid derivatives are:

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Distribution and bioactivities of tirucallane-type triterpenoids from Meliaceae family.

Natural products and bioprospecting·2026

Same author

New Endiandric Acid from <i>Beilschmiedia lumutensis</i> and Their Molecular Docking Study as α-amylase and α-glucosidase Inhibitors.

Tropical life sciences research·2026

Same author

Swiemagalins A-C: three new phragmalins from the stem barks of Indonesian <i>Swietenia mahagoni</i> and cytotoxic activities.

Natural product research·2026

Same author

Targeted isolation and identification of isoquinoline alkaloids from Xylopia ferruginea bark with anti Aβ-induced paralysis activity.

Fitoterapia·2025

Same author

<i>In vitro</i> Antiplasmodial and Molecular Docking Studies of Chemical Constituent Isolated from the Bark of <i>Diospyros lanceifolia</i> (Ebenaceae).

Tropical life sciences research·2025

Same author

Expression of Concern to: Evaluation of acute toxicity and gastroprotective activity of curcuma purpurascens BI. Rhizome against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats.

BMC complementary medicine and therapies·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Published on: November 23, 2016

N'-{2-[2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenyl}acetamide.

Kartini Ahmad¹, Noel F Thomas, Mohd Azlan Nafiah

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online

|May 18, 2011

Summary

This study reveals the bent phenyl-ene rings and twisted acetamido group in a C(17)H(17)NO(2) compound. These structural features facilitate N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding, forming zigzag chains along the c axis.

More Related Videos

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Published on: November 23, 2016

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

Area of Science:

Crystallography
Organic Chemistry
Molecular Structure

Background:

Understanding molecular conformation is crucial in organic chemistry.
Intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, dictate crystal packing and material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the detailed three-dimensional molecular structure of the title compound, C(17)H(17)NO(2).
To investigate the role of specific functional groups in driving crystal lattice formation.

Main Methods:

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles provided insights into molecular geometry.

Main Results:

The phenyl-ene rings exhibit a significant dihedral angle of 39.6(1)° relative to the carbon-carbon double bond.
The acetamido group is twisted by 44.2(1)° out of the aromatic ring plane.
An intermolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond was identified between adjacent molecules, linking them into a zigzag chain along the c axis.

Conclusions:

The compound C(17)H(17)NO(2) displays a non-planar conformation due to steric and electronic factors.
Intermolecular hydrogen bonding plays a key role in organizing molecules into extended chain structures in the solid state.