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Related Concept Videos

IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids01:16

IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids

IUPAC names of carboxylic acids are systematically derived following a few rules discussed below.
For acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids, the longest hydrocarbon chain containing the –COOH carbon is identified as the parent chain. Then, the last -e of the parent hydrocarbon name is replaced with a suffix -oic acid.
Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism02:37

Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism

Depending upon the different spatial orientation of the substituents, the disubstituted cycloalkanes exhibit two types of stereoisomers. The cis isomers have the substituents on the same side of the ring, whereas the trans isomers have the substituents on the opposite sides. These stereoisomers exhibit different physical properties and cannot be interconverted without breaking the carbon-carbon bonds.
In cyclohexane, the substituents can occupy different positions generating distinct isomers.
Cycloalkanes02:28

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are saturated cyclic hydrocarbons with carbon atoms arranged in the form of rings. They have two fewer hydrogen atoms than the corresponding acyclic alkane; therefore, their general formula is CnH2n. The structural formulas of cycloalkanes are simplified using the line-angle representation. The regular polygons are used to represent the cycloalkane rings, with each side representing a carbon-carbon bond.
The IUPAC nomenclature of cycloalkanes follows similar rules that apply to...
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides01:16

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides

Naming Acid Halides
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by Copper(I)-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units
09:35

Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by Copper(I)-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units

Published on: September 18, 2016

cis-Cyclo-hexane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid.

Yan-Qin Wang1, Jia-Bao Weng

  • 1Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study characterizes a cyclohexane compound with two carboxyl groups, revealing its chair conformation and hydrogen-bonded zigzag chains. The findings offer insights into molecular structure and intermolecular interactions.

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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding the conformational preferences and intermolecular interactions of cyclic organic compounds is crucial in chemistry.
  • Cyclohexane derivatives with functional groups provide models for studying molecular behavior and crystal packing.
  • Carboxylic acids are known for their ability to form hydrogen bonds, influencing solid-state structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the crystal structure and molecular conformation of the title compound, C(8)H(12)O(4).
  • To investigate the hydrogen bonding patterns and their role in the assembly of the crystal lattice.
  • To elucidate the relationship between molecular structure and supramolecular architecture in this cyclohexane derivative.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to analyze the three-dimensional structure of the compound.
  • Conformational analysis was performed to describe the geometry of the cyclohexane ring.
  • Analysis of intermolecular interactions, specifically O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, was conducted.

Main Results:

  • The title compound, C(8)H(12)O(4), crystallizes with the cyclohexane ring adopting a chair conformation.
  • Both carboxyl groups are oriented on the same side of the cyclohexane ring.
  • Adjacent molecules are linked by pairs of O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a characteristic zigzag chain along the [1] direction.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully elucidated the crystal structure and molecular conformation of the C(8)H(12)O(4) compound.
  • The observed hydrogen bonding network dictates the formation of zigzag chains, highlighting the importance of intermolecular forces in crystal engineering.
  • The findings contribute to the understanding of structure-property relationships in functionalized cyclohexane systems.