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Structures of the Endocrine System

Structures of the Endocrine System

The intricate framework of the endocrine system encompasses a diverse array of glands, with their target tissues and organs strategically distributed throughout the body. Central to this network are the endocrine glands, specialized structures that lack ducts and release hormones directly into the interstitial fluid. Notably, the hypothalamus, a vital neuroendocrine organ situated in the brain, governs neural functions and serves as a potent source of hormonal regulation. Near the hypothalamus...

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and corticosterone...

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...

An Overview of the Endocrine System

An Overview of the Endocrine System

The endocrine system, a complex network of glands, orchestrates physiological balance within the body through the production and secretion of hormones. These hormones are chemical messengers in intercellular communication, acting as conduits between the secretory cells and distant target sites. They traverse the circulatory system by being released into the extracellular fluid, and their impact is specific to cells possessing receptors for a particular hormone.
The endocrine system collaborates...

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.

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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

Endocrinology in Nepal: Unique challenges, unique solutions.

Dina Shrestha¹

¹Department of Endocrinology, Norvic International Hospital and Hospital for Advanced Medicine and Surgery, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

|May 18, 2011

Summary

Endocrine diseases, including diabetes, are common in Nepal, posing challenges for local specialists. This review examines disease trends and solutions for endocrine care providers in the region.

Keywords:

Nepal diabetes endocrinology trends

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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

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Published on: January 17, 2018

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Public Health
Internal Medicine

Background:

Nepal faces a significant burden of endocrine disorders.
High prevalence of conditions like diabetes mellitus presents unique challenges for healthcare professionals.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the specific characteristics and epidemiological trends of endocrine diseases in Nepal.
To identify and discuss the challenges encountered by endocrinologists and endocrine care providers in Nepal.
To explore potential solutions and strategies for improving endocrine care delivery in the country.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing studies on endocrine diseases in Nepal.
Analysis of epidemiological data and clinical trends.
Discussion of healthcare system challenges and proposed interventions.

Main Results:

The article highlights the increasing prevalence of endocrine diseases, particularly diabetes, in Nepal.
Key challenges include limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and a shortage of specialized endocrinologists.
Unique regional factors influence disease presentation and management.

Conclusions:

Addressing the growing burden of endocrine diseases in Nepal requires tailored strategies.
Strengthening healthcare infrastructure and specialist training is crucial.
Collaborative efforts are needed to improve patient outcomes and access to endocrine care.