Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

Long-term Depression

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

Long-term Depression

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...

Depression: Overview

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Exploring the Impact of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor D in Pulmonary Hypertension Development.

Pulmonary circulation·2025

Same author

The use of Tranexamic Acid in Case of Patient with Intracerebral Hemorrhage After a Coronary Procedure-Case Report.

Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)·2025

Same author

Correlation Between Carotid Stenosis and Pulsatile Index Measured by Transcranial Doppler.

Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH·2024

Same author

Transcription factor GATA6 promotes migration of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells <i>in vitro</i>.

Frontiers in physiology·2022

Same author

YAP and TAZ in Vascular Smooth Muscle Confer Protection Against Hypertensive Vasculopathy.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2022

Same author

MRTFA overexpression promotes conversion of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells into lipid-laden foam cells.

Vascular pharmacology·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

Depression in multiple sclerosis patients.

Azra Alajbegovic¹, Natasa Loga, Naida Tiro

¹Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center, University Sarajevo Bolnicka 25. 71 000 Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina. azra_alajbegovic@hotmail.com

Medicinski Arhiv

|May 19, 2011

Summary

Depression is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, particularly affecting younger, unemployed, highly educated individuals without a spouse. Gender did not significantly impact depression rates in this MS population.

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Published on: December 26, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Published on: December 26, 2015

Area of Science:

Neurology
Psychiatry
Public Health

Background:

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is frequently associated with affective disorders, notably depression.
Depression significantly impairs quality of life, social interactions, and work ability in MS patients.
Understanding demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with depression in MS is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between demographic factors (gender, age, marital status, education, employment) and depressive symptoms in a Multiple Sclerosis (MS) cohort.
To identify specific patient subgroups within the MS population at higher risk for depression.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 50 randomly selected Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients was analyzed.
Depression severity was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).

Main Results:

56% of MS patients exhibited depressive disorder.
Depression was more prevalent in younger and middle-aged patients, and notably absent in those over 51.
Higher rates of depression were observed in divorced, single, and widowed patients compared to married individuals.
Patients with university or secondary education showed higher depression rates than those with primary education.
Unemployed and retired MS patients had significantly higher rates of depressive symptoms compared to employed patients.
No statistically significant gender difference in depression prevalence was found.

Conclusions:

Depression in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is more common in younger, unemployed, highly educated patients, and those without a spouse.
These findings highlight specific risk factors for depression in MS, informing clinical screening and support strategies.
The study underscores the need for tailored mental health support for vulnerable MS patient populations.