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Related Concept Videos

Non-equilibrium in the Cell01:16

Non-equilibrium in the Cell

An important concept in studying metabolism and energy is that of chemical equilibrium. Most chemical reactions are reversible. They can proceed in both directions, releasing energy into their environment in one direction, and absorbing it from the environment in the other direction. The same is true for the chemical reactions involved in cell metabolism, such as the breaking down and building up of proteins into and from individual amino acids, respectively. Reactants within a closed system...
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Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation

The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
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Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
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Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

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Stability is an important concept in oscillation. If an equilibrium point is stable, a slight disturbance of an object that is initially at the stable equilibrium point will cause the object to oscillate around that point. For an unstable equilibrium point, if the object is disturbed slightly, it will not return to the equilibrium point. There are three conditions for equilibrium points—stable, unstable, and half-stable. A half-stable equilibrium point is also unstable, but is named so because...

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Reconstitution of Cell-cycle Oscillations in Microemulsions of Cell-free Xenopus Egg Extracts
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Collective oscillations in developing cells: insights from simple systems.

Keita Kamino1, Koichi Fujimoto, Satoshi Sawai

  • 1Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Development, Growth & Differentiation
|May 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular oscillations regulate tissue development and cell fate. This review explores how coupled cell behaviors, like cyclic adenosine monophosphate waves in Dictyostelium, create collective rhythms and encode information.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular and Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Multicellular dynamics rely on oscillatory regulation for processes from hormonal secretion to gene expression.
  • Periodic cell-cell signaling coordinates tissue-level gene expression and cell movement, while lack of synchrony can drive stem cell fate divergence.
  • Understanding how individual cell properties generate collective rhythmic behaviors in tissues remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding collective oscillations in cell populations.
  • To highlight similarities and differences between cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) oscillations in Dictyostelium and other biological and chemical systems.
  • To explore how single-cell oscillation autonomy and cell coupling influence group-level information encoding.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on chemical reactions, synthetic gene circuits, yeast, and Dictyostelium.
  • Focus on cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) oscillations in Dictyostelium.
  • Comparative analysis of different oscillatory systems and cell coupling mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Emerging unified view of how excitable and oscillatory regulations can be tuned and coupled to generate tissue-level oscillations.
  • Dictyostelium cAMP oscillations serve as a model system for studying collective rhythms.
  • Single-cell oscillation autonomy and coupling methods significantly impact information encoding in collective oscillations.

Conclusions:

  • Collective oscillations are fundamental to multicellular organization and development.
  • Dictyostelium provides key insights into the principles governing tissue-level rhythmic behaviors.
  • The study of coupled cell oscillations offers a framework for understanding complex biological information processing.